Motion-Robust Methods for Rapid Pediatric MRI without Sedation

项目摘要/摘要 需要镇静是一个重要的问题，fi不能考虑的磁共振成像(磁共振成像)。这项挑战 这是因为临床应用中的容量成像通常持续时间太长，对于婴儿和 幼儿自愿留在原地不动。在没有麻醉的情况下，扫描过程中的运动会扭曲图像，模糊 诊断所需的关键特征。与呼吸相关的运动进一步降低了图像质量，屏气可能会 对小孩子来说不切实际。该项目旨在消除使用镇静剂的大多数儿科核磁共振成像使用 新的采集和重建方法，加速成像过程，跟踪和补偿运动。一个 在不使用任何镇静剂的情况下进行儿科MRI检查将使临床MRI在幼儿中得到更广泛的应用。 其他好处包括更短、成本更低的检查，在没有麻醉师支持的情况下更容易安排时间。这些 BENEfits将使核磁共振成像成为一种比X光计算机等替代方法更具吸引力的儿科成像选择 体层摄影术(CT)，由于其高辐射剂量而不吸引人。这一区别在以下情况下变得更加重要 重复成像是必要的，例如监测儿童癌症患者的实体瘤。 用于体积成像的常规MRI数据采集依赖于一种“自旋扭曲”方法，这需要数千甚至是几千 根据所需的fi视野和空间分辨率，需要成千上万的读数来重建体积。在……里面 总计，整个卷可能需要几分钟时间才能获得，而具有不同对比度的多个卷通常 在典型的成像过程中开出。患者在此过程中的运动可能会扭曲或模糊重建、渲染 这些图像无法使用。呼吸门控技术可以减少呼吸相关运动的影响，但这种方法 不要延伸到耐心的动议。分散注意力、适应环境和父母的参与也有助于幼儿的行为举止 在扫描仪环境中合作，但获取幼儿诊断质量MRI的典型过程 在扫描过程中保持镇静或部分镇静。 该方案融合了互补脉冲序列和图像重建算法的设计，引入了一种混合算法 解决具有挑战性的运动快速成像问题。我们假设，结合一个可变密度的内部- 基于自导航运动补偿模型重建的叶状螺旋捕获(目标1)将大大提高 减少扫描次数并减轻患者的移动，从而无需fi即可实现诊断有用的儿科临床成像 任何镇静剂，并推出一种低风险的替代方案，用于实体肿瘤的诊断和定期治疗监测 婴幼儿(目标3)。

Project Summary/Abstract The need for sedation is a significant concern for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of young children. This challenge arises because the typically long durations of volumetric imaging used in clinical applications are too long for infants and young children to remain still voluntarily. Without anesthesia, the motion during a scan would distort images, obscuring critical features needed for diagnosis. Breathing-related motion further reduces image quality, and breath-holds may be unrealistic for young children. This project aims to eliminate the use of sedation from the majority of pediatric MRIs using novel acquisition and reconstruction methods that accelerate the imaging process and track and compensate for motion. A pediatric MRI paradigm performed without any sedation would enable broader application of clinical MRI in young children. Other benefits include a shorter, less costly exam, which is easier to schedule absent anesthesiologist support. These benefits should make MRI a more attractive option for pediatric imaging versus an alternative such as X-ray computed tomography (CT), which is unattractive due to its high radiation dose. This distinction becomes even more important when repeated imaging is necessary, such as the monitoring of solid tumors in pediatric cancer patients. Conventional MRI data acquisition for volumetric imaging relies on a “spin warp” approach, requiring thousands or even tens of thousands of readouts to reconstruct a volume, depending on the desired field of view and spatial resolution. In total, an entire volume can take several minutes to acquire, and multiple volumes with different contrasts are generally prescribed in a typical imaging session. Patient motion during this process can distort or blur the reconstruction, rendering the images unusable. Respiratory gating techniques can reduce the effects of breathing-related motion, but such methods do not extend to patient motion. Distraction, acclimation, and parental involvement also can help young children to behave cooperatively in the scanner environment, but the typical process for acquiring diagnostic-quality MRI of young children remains sedation or partial sedation during scanning. This proposal merges complementary pulse sequence and image reconstruction algorithm design to introduce a hybrid solution to the challenging problem of fast imaging with motion. We hypothesize that combining a variable-density inter- leaved spiral acquisition (Aim 1) with self-navigating motion-compensated model-based reconstruction (Aim 2) will greatly reduce scan times and mitigate patient motion sufficiently to enable diagnostically useful pediatric clinical imaging without any sedation, and introduce a low-risk alternative for the diagnosis and regular treatment monitoring of solid tumors in infants and young children (Aim 3).