Essential role of perivascular adipose tissue in blood pressure regulation

描述（由申请人提供）：血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）围绕大多数血管，产生可能靶向内皮细胞和血管平滑肌细胞的未确定或特征较少的因子，在本文中有助于维持血管稳态。此外，PVAT事实上是一个独特的功能性血管层，积极促进血管功能和功能障碍。心脏瓣膜研究支持PVAT体积与较高的胸主动脉和腹主动脉尺寸相关，表明PVAT有助于主动脉重塑。PVAT在小鼠静息期的丢失是持续性的，这导致杓型血压，但PVAT与血压调节之间的生理关系及其可能的潜在机制仍有待于解决。血管紧张素原是肾素血管紧张素系统的组成成分之一，由脂肪细胞产生，通过自分泌方式调节血压。然而，大量的初步数据显示血管紧张素原在PVAT中的表达呈昼夜节律，活动期较高，静息期较低。拟议项目将测试中心假设，即PVAT对维持静息期血压至关重要，PVAT中的局部血管紧张素原是静息期调节血压的主要分子之一，利用新开发的缺乏PVAT的独特动物模型，体内和体外功能获得和丧失方法，以及用生理学相关的实验方法评估血压和PVAT生理学和功能。本提案的目的是：1）。明确PVAT在静息期血压调节中的关键作用; 2）.确定缺乏PVAT的小鼠中的低血压是否是由于血管紧张素原缺乏;和3）。明确血管紧张素原在PVAT中的昼夜节律调节机制及其对血管张力的影响。这一提议的结果将对理解PVAT生物学和心血管疾病中的高血压产生深远的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which surrounds most vessels, produces undetermined or less characterized factors that could target endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, and herein contribute to the maintenance of vessel homeostasis. Also, PVAT is de facto a distinct functional vascular layer actively contributing to vascular function and dysfunction. The Framingham Heart Study supports that PVAT volume is associated with higher thoracic and abdominal aortic dimensions, suggesting that PVAT contributes to aortic remodeling. Loss of PVAT in mice are hypotensive during resting phase, which leads to dipper blood pressure, but a physiological relationship between PVAT and regulation of blood pressure and the possible underlying mechanisms remains to be addressed. Angiotensinogen, one of components of renin angiotensin system, is produced in adipocytes and regulates blood pressure through autocrine manner. However, extensive preliminary data here show angiotensinogen expression in PVAT in a circadian rhythm manner, which is higher in active phase and lower in resting phase. The proposed project will test the central hypothesis that PVAT is critical to maintain blood pressure in resting phase, and local angiotensinogen in PVAT is one of predominant molecules that regulates blood pressure in resting phase taking advantage of newly developed unique animal models lacking PVAT, gain- and loss-of-function approaches in vivo and in vitro, and assessment of blood pressure and PVAT physiology and function with physiologically relevant experimental approaches. The aims of this proposal are: 1). Define a critical role of PVAT on blood pressure regulation in resting phase; 2). Determine whether hypotension in mice lacking PVAT is due to angiotensinogen deficiency; and 3). Determine the mechanisms of circadian rhythm regulation of angiotensinogen in PVAT and the effects on blood vessel tone. The results of this proposal will have profound implications on the understanding of PVAT biology and hypertension in cardiovascular diseases.