Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

 描述（由申请人提供）：IARC关于人类致癌风险评价的专著是1971年启动的国际循证致癌物危害识别方法。 总体目标是确定可预防的癌症原因。 这是通过对可疑致癌物进行权威评估并通过多种媒体传播结果来推进的。 由于广泛的接触可能导致人类癌症，致癌物评估包括环境和职业接触、物理和生物制剂、化学品、复杂的混合物和生活方式因素。 到目前为止，已经对近1000种物质进行了评估，其中114种被归类为致癌物质，352种被归类为可能或可能对人类致癌。 根据人类暴露、疑似致癌性和公共卫生重要性的证据选择试剂进行评价。 每一本IARC专著都包括对相关科学文献的系统综述，以及对某种物质或暴露可能对人类致癌的证据权重的评价。 专著由根据包括最合格专家和避免利益冲突的原则选出的工作组编写。 国家和国际卫生机构使用IARC专著作为可靠的科学信息来源，并作为其控制癌症工作的科学基础。 该项目的具体目标是：组织至少10次专题会议，以评价具有高度全球相关性和关注的候选致癌物;召集科学严谨、受尊重和无利益冲突的工作组;加强致癌物评价科学数据的系统搜索评价和文件编制;促进致癌物评价中机械数据的使用;促进广泛传播评价结果，并与国家和国际组织合作，以改进评价潜在致癌物的科学和做法。在拟议的项目期间，重要的新举措是：扩大评价时考虑的机械数据的范围，以增加数据流，如高通量测试结果;根据致癌物的主要特性进一步系统化审查机械数据;引入新的工作程序和网络工具，以加强对人类癌症相关文献的检索和评价，实验动物的癌症，以及相关机制。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans is an international evidence-based approach to carcinogen hazard identification initiated in 1971. The overall objective is to identify preventable causes o cancer. This is advanced by conducting authoritative evaluations of suspected carcinogens and disseminating the results through multiple media. Because a broad range of exposures may contribute to human cancer, carcinogen evaluations encompass environmental and occupational exposures, physical and biological agents, chemicals, complex mixtures and lifestyle factors. Almost 1000 agents have been evaluated to date, with 114 classified as carcinogenic and 352 as probably or possibly carcinogenic to humans. Agents are selected for evaluation based on evidence of human exposure, suspicion of carcinogenicity, and public health importance. Each IARC Monograph includes systematic reviews of the pertinent scientific literature and an evaluation of the weight of the evidence that an agent or exposure may be carcinogenic to humans. Monographs are developed by Working Groups selected on the principles of including the best-qualified experts and avoiding conflicts of interest. Nationa and international health agencies use the IARC Monographs as a trustworthy source of scientific information and as the scientific basis for their efforts to control cancer. The specifc aims of this project are to: organize at least 10 Monograph meetings to evaluate candidate carcinogenic agents of high global relevance and concern; convene Working Groups that are scientifically rigorous, respected, and free of conflict of interest; enhance the systematic search evaluation and documentation of scientific data for carcinogen evaluations; advance the use of mechanistic data in carcinogen evaluations; promote wide dissemination of evaluation results and engage in collaborations with national and international organizations to improve the science and practice of evaluating potential carcinogens. Important new initiatives in the proposed project period are to: expand the spectrum of mechanistic data considered in making evaluations to additional data streams, such as high-throughput test results; further systematize the review of mechanistic data according to key characteristics of carcinogens; introduce new working procedures and Web-based tools to enhance the documentation of the search for and evaluation of relevant literature on cancer in humans, cancer in experimental animals, and relevant mechanisms.