Designing for Demographics- Optimizing the Usability of Patient Portals

摘要 患者门户网站可以作为患者轻松访问其健康信息等的平台 如果为用户设计和开发得当，则可以轻松地与其提供商进行通信。当 病人使用门户网站，它也提供了机会，使他们的健康信息随着时间的推移而保存。尽管 尽管有这些好处，但大多数美国人口从未访问或参与患者门户网站。与 国家卫生信息技术协调员办公室现在授权开放申请 编程接口（API），允许开发可接收数据的患者门户 从任何EHR供应商的产品来看，为所有用户有效地设计门户网站现在变得更加重要。许多 患者门户网站的可用性差， 直观的格式。此外，患者需求因人口统计学和健康状况而异。建议的目标 研究的目的是在五个方面内识别和描述患者门户用户与非用户的区别因素。 人口分组，并制定明确的设计准则，以代表他们的需求。 我们将对不同的患者门户网站用户和非用户进行一项大型横断面调查， 新型众包平台（广泛覆盖）和大型多元化卫生系统中的患者。我们将应用 识别用户偏好以开发人物角色。我们随后对常见的患者门户网站进行了可用性分析 产品，以确定这些产品是否满足已确定的用户需求。产出将包括用户- 在使用和门户参与的范围内为患者提供集中的指南。这有可能 基于对患者需求的深入了解，识别患者的缺点， 当前的患者门户网站，以及从成功采用的系统中学习（激励或其他）。 该项目利用了研究团队在人为因素和安全科学、健康 信息技术和健康公平研究。这项研究的贡献将包括对以下方面的基本理解： 患者在访问其患者门户时寻求哪些信息以及现有患者的当前挑战 门户我们的研究结果将通过传统的学术渠道传播，但也 直接提供给供应商和协会，这些供应商和协会最终根据患者的需求定制供应商产品。 需求

Abstract Patient portals potentially serve as a platform for patients to easily access their health information and more easily communicate with their provider, if designed and developed appropriately for the user. When patients use portals it also affords the opportunity to have their health information preserved over time. Despite these benefits, the majority of the US population does not ever access or engage with patient portals. With the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology now mandating open application programming interfaces (APIs), which will allow for the development of patient portals that can receive data from any EHR vendor product, the effective design of portals for all users is now even more critical. Many patient portals suffer from poor usability and do not provide patients with the information they need in an intuitive format. Further, patient needs vary by demographics and health status. The objective of the proposed research is to identify and characterize the factors differentiating patient portal users from non-users within five population subgroups, and to develop clear design guidelines to represent their needs. We will conduct a large cross-sectional survey of diverse patient portal users and non-users, by sampling from novel crowd-sourcing platforms (for broad reach) and patients within a large diverse health system. We will apply identified user preferences to develop personas. We follow with a usability analysis of common patient portal products to determine whether these products meet the identified user needs. The outputs will include user- centered guidelines for patients across the spectrum of usage and portal engagement. This has the potential to improve patient portals based on a deep understanding of patient needs, identification of the shortcomings of current patient portals, and learnings from those systems with successful adoption (incentivized or otherwise). This project utilizes the extensive expertise of the research team in human factors and safety science, health IT, and health equity research. Contributions from this research will include a fundamental understanding of what information patients seek when accessing their patient portal and current challenges with existing patient portals. The findings from our research will be disseminated through traditional academic outlets, but also directly to providers and associations who ultimately customize vendor products according to their patients’ needs.