Innovative Personal Monitoring Approaches to Characterize Ultrafine and Fine Particulate Matter and Respiratory Health Effects

项目摘要/摘要 来自实验毒理学研究的证据表明，超细颗粒(UFP)在 颗粒物(PM)的呼吸道毒性，因为它们通过大量的 与更大的颗粒相比，单位质量的数字浓度和大表面积，包括 PM2.5。然而，UFP比更大的颗粒物会带来更大的呼吸道健康风险的理论并非如此 在流行病学环境中得到了验证。专家们指出了之前UFP研究的局限性， 包括缺乏同时暴露在其他环境污染物中的数据， 通过使用诸如固定地点监视器或与道路的距离等代理来表征暴露，并通过 这些研究中使用的暴露指标没有提供PM将有多少的信息 被吸入肺部。拟议的研究旨在改进评估UFP暴露的方法。 通过解决以前的研究差距，为呼吸健康影响研究提供支持。建议的项目团队的 方法是评估同时接触UFP和其他可能混淆UFP的同源污染物- 哮喘青少年肺功能关系的人水平时空评估 每个UFP和PM2.5的可变性，并应用说明PM生理过程的吸入PM剂量 初步判断吸入和接触肺部对肺功能变化的影响程度 来自共污染物的UFP暴露。我们将应用由我们的 可穿戴式PM传感器、生物识别传感器和移动数据收集工具的创新集成 高质量的暴露数据集，可以描绘出UFP与其他共污染物的影响。这 方法是必不可少的，因为使用中央固定地点数据或外部曝光的传统方法 浓度数据不提供有关吸入的污染物数量的信息 它严重低估了由于暴露而产生的呼吸反应。这 拟议的工作将通过告知研究设计和方法来为未来的工作奠定基础 产生可靠的个人接触多种污染物的数据，并通过提供关于 不同大小颗粒物和其他污染物对肺功能的不同和联合影响 创新的曝光指标。随后将增加对UFP对呼吸影响的了解 指导未来的环境卫生政策、空气污染管理战略和控制技术， 并进行干预和临床监测，以减轻哮喘负担。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Evidence from experimental toxicology studies suggests that ultrafine particles (UFP) play a significant role in particulate matter (PM) respiratory toxicity because of their high potential to transport toxicants via a large number concentration and a large surface area per unit mass as compared with larger particles, including PM2.5. However, the theory that UFPs confer greater respiratory health risks than larger particles has not been validated in epidemiological settings. Experts identified the limitations of previous UFP studies, including the absence of data for concurrent exposures to other ambient pollutants, the error in characterizing exposure by using proxies such as fixed-site monitors or distance from roadways, and by exposure metrics used in those studies that did not provide information about how much PM would have been inhaled into the lungs. The proposed study intends to improve the method to assess UFPs exposures for respiratory health effect studies by addressing previous research gaps. The proposed Project Team's approach is to assess concurrent exposures to UFPs and other co-pollutants that can confound the UFP– lung function relationship for asthmatic adolescents, conduct a person-level assessment of spatio-temporal variability for each UFP and PM2.5, and apply inhaled PM doses that account for physiological process of PM intake and contact with the lungs to preliminarily determine the degree of lung function changes affected by UFP exposure from co-pollutants. We will apply novel exposure assessment approaches enabled by our innovative integration of wearable PM sensors, biometric sensors, and mobile data collection tool to produce high-quality exposure data sets that can delineate the effects of UFPs from other co-pollutants. This approach is essential because the traditional approach of using central fixed-site data or external exposure concentration data does not provide information about the amounts of contaminants that are inhaled by individuals, and it significantly underestimates the respiratory responses because of the exposures. This proposed effort will form the foundation of future work by informing of the study design and approaches to produce robust personal exposure data to multiple pollutants and by providing preliminary data regarding the distinct and joint effects of varying size fractions of PM and other pollutants on lung function by using innovative exposure metrics. Increased knowledge about the respiratory effects from UFPs will subsequently guide future environmental health policies, air pollution management strategies and control technologies, and interventions and clinical monitoring to reduce the burden of asthma.