Stress, hazardous drinking and intimate partner aggression in a diverse sample of women and their partners

项目摘要 亲密伴侣攻击（IPA;身体，性，心理）是一个严重的公共卫生问题，影响超过 美国三分之一的女性虽然对性少数妇女（SMW;女同性恋， 双性恋）是相对较新的，研究表明，他们可能比异性恋妇女面临更大的风险。鉴于酒精 使用是异性恋夫妇中IPA的一个主要促成因素，并且（我们和其他人的）研究结果表明， 法定最低工资女性比异性恋女性更有可能饮酒、大量饮酒和经历饮酒- 因此，在法定最低工资的关系中，酒精可能在IPA中扮演重要角色。然而，有大量 在法定最低工资中关于酒精使用和IPA的研究方面存在差距。IPA的研究历来采取性别观点（妇女 作为受害者/作为肇事者的男子），而且在大多数情况下集中于受害者或肇事者，而不是两者兼而有之。研究 同时关注SMW及其合作伙伴可以阐明个人和夫妇层面的因素如何在外部运作 个人主义和性别的透镜在这个未充分研究和脆弱的人口，并最终导致文化 有针对性的干预措施。在最近扩展的少数民族压力模型的指导下，包括关系（夫妇层面） 性少数压力的背景下，以及I3（I-Cubed）理论的角度对IPA犯下，我们建议， 收集个人和二元数据，以更好地描述法定最低工资中危险饮酒与IPA之间的联系 和他们的伙伴。拟议项目将从目前在芝加哥注册的大量不同的法定最低工资群体中抽取 妇女健康和生活经验（CHLEW）-一项为期19年的前瞻性研究。CHLEW专注于了解 少数民族性取向和HD之间的联系机制，在这项研究中使用几个指标来定义，例如 饮酒、重度间歇性饮酒和醉酒。具体而言，我们将招募CHLEW参与者及其合作伙伴， 参加CHLEW夫妇研究。因此，拟议的研究提供了一个有效和节省成本的机会， 招募多元化的样本，以帮助了解并最终减少法定最低工资与 异性恋女性本研究的目的是（1）探讨法定最低工资中少数民族压力、亨廷顿氏病和IPA之间的关系 和他们的合作伙伴;（2）检查潜在的调解人和调解人之间的关联少数民族压力和HD， IPA;（3）在I3（I-cubed）理论观点的指导下，测试模型包括激发因素的影响（例如， 关系冲突），推动因素（例如，少数压力、负面影响、特质愤怒），和抑制（例如，关系 承诺，情绪调节）或解除抑制（例如，HD）的IPA犯下的因素。这项研究建立在 首席研究员对法定最低工资的酒精使用及其多样化样本进行了前所未有的纵向研究， 独特的研究计划，探索HD和IPA之间的联系。实现拟议目标将有助于填补重要的 这将为未来的研究提供基础，旨在阐明HD和 投资促进机构-反过来，它将支持发展文化上适当的个人和双重预防， 因应法定最低工资的需要而制订的干预策略。

PROJECT SUMMARY Intimate partner aggression (IPA; physical, sexual, psychological) is a serious public health problem that affects more than one in three women in the United States. Although research on IPA among sexual minority women (SMW; lesbian, bisexual) is relatively new, research suggests that they may be at greater risk than heterosexual women. Given that alcohol use is a major contributing factor to IPA in heterosexual couples, and given findings (ours and others') demonstrating that SMW are substantially more likely than heterosexual women to drink alcohol, drink heavily, and to experience drinking- related problems, it is likely that alcohol plays an important role in IPA in SMW's relationships. However, there are large gaps in research on alcohol use and IPA among SMW. IPA research has historically taken a gendered perspective (women as victims/men as perpetrators) and for the most part has concentrated on either victims or perpetrators, not both. Research focused simultaneously on SMW and their partners can illuminate how individual- and couple-level factors operate outside the individualistic and gendered lens in this understudied and vulnerable population—and ultimately lead to culturally tailored interventions. Guided by a recent extension of the minority stress model to include the relational (couple-level) context of sexual minority stress, as well as the I3 (I-Cubed) theoretical perspective on IPA perpetration, we propose to collect individual and dyadic data to better characterize the links between hazardous drinking (HD) and IPA among SMW and their partners. The proposed project will draw from large and diverse cohort of SMW currently enrolled the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW)—a 19-year prospective study. The CHLEW focuses on understanding mechanisms linking minority sexual orientation and HD, defined in this study using several indicators such as heavy drinking, heavy episodic drinking, and intoxication. Specifically, we will recruit CHLEW participants and their partners to participate in the CHLEW Couples study. Thus, the proposed study offers an efficient and cost-saving opportunity to recruit a diverse sample that will contribute to understanding and ultimately reducing health disparities between SMW and heterosexual women. The aims of the project are to (1) examine associations among minority stress, HD and IPA in SMW and their partners; (2) examine potential mediators and moderators of the associations between minority stress and HD and IPA; and (3) guided by the I3 (I-cubed) theoretical perspective, test models that include effects of instigating factors (e.g., relationship conflict), impelling factors (e.g., minority stress, negative affect, trait anger), and inhibiting (e.g., relationship commitment, emotion regulation) or dis-inhibiting (e.g., HD) factors on IPA perpetration. This study builds on the Principal Investigator's unprecedented longitudinal study of SMW's alcohol use and its diverse sample and expands this unique program of research to explore the links between HD and IPA. Achieving the proposed aims will help fill important gaps in knowledge and will provide the basis for future research aimed at clarifying the causal pathways linking HD and IPA—which will, in turn, support the development of culturally appropriate individual and dyadic prevention and intervention strategies tailored to the needs of SMW.