VCU Healthy Communities for Youth: Evaluation of Violence Prevention Strategies to Prevent and Reduce Community Levels of Youth Violence

摘要 该项目的目标是支持全国预防青少年暴力英才中心实施 并评估一项综合预防战略，以减少和预防#年青少年暴力的社区发生率 里士满、弗吉尼亚州和美国各地的类似社区。该项目的具体目标是：(1) 在社区层面实施预防青少年暴力的综合办法，具体措施如下 预防暴力战略：(A)两项相互补充的参与性行动研究预防战略 包括青年之声，一个针对非裔美国青少年的文化响应型课程，以及种子 方法，这是一个以证据为基础的过程，青年和成年人一起确定战略并制定 一项行动计划，以解决造成青年积极发展不平等的社会和结构条件 机会，(B)以医院为基础的预防战略，新兴领导者，提供以医院为基础的简短 暴力干预后，进行了为期6个月的综合社区病例管理，枪支安全 咨询计划，以及为经历了有意的 或与暴力有关的伤害，以及(C)利益攸关方教育战略，以建立资金和资源能力，以 通过讲习班和赠款方面的技术援助为基层青年组织提供服务，以扩大 Walker-Talker社区参与模式，以增加社区成员对 积极的青年发展机会，并为各组织提供以证据为基础的研讨会，以促进 青年的发展资产；(2)评估这一综合办法在社区一级的影响 通过持续收集社区一级青少年暴力暴露指标的监测数据 在三个经济困难社区中使用多基线设计；(3)评估 通过评估每项预防战略对以下方面的影响，对这一综合方法的有效性进行评估 所针对的具体风险和保护因素；。(4)建立一个青年咨询委员会，该委员会将积极 参与预防策略的制定、实施和评估，以及(5)指导和 在青少年暴力领域为博士后学生、博士后研究员和教职员工提供培训 预防。该项目的重点是里士满的三个经济困难社区， 弗吉尼亚州是根据社区的投入和对监测数据的审查而选择的，监测数据表明 社区青少年暴力。青少年杀人占所有杀人案和故意伤害案的大多数 1999年至2019年(CDC-WISQARS)之间的死亡率(96%)--这个比率几乎是两倍到10.5倍 高于全国平均水平(CDC-WISQARS，2020年)。里士满的暴力事件对非洲人的影响不成比例 美国青年，所有死于故意和与暴力有关的伤害的青年中92%是非洲人 美国(毕晓普和查普曼，2019年)。鉴于这些统计数据，至关重要的是确定防止和 降低里士满青少年暴力的社区比率。

Abstract The goal of this project is to support a National Center of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention to implement and evaluate a comprehensive prevention strategy to reduce and prevent community rates of youth violence in Richmond, Virginia and similar communities across the United States. The project’s specific objectives are: (1) To implement a comprehensive approach to youth violence prevention at the community-level with the following violence prevention strategies: (a) two complementary participatory action research prevention strategies including Youth Voices, a culturally responsive curriculum for African American adolescents, and the SEED Method, an evidenced-based process where youth and adults join together to identify strategies and develop an action plan to address social and structural conditions that create inequities in positive youth development opportunities, (b) a hospital-based prevention strategy, Emerging Leaders, that offers a brief hospital-based violence intervention followed by 6-months of wrap-around community case management, a firearm safety counseling program, and a psychoeducational workshop series for youth who have experienced an intentional or violence-related injury, and (c) stakeholder education strategies to build funding and resource capacity for youth-serving grassroots organizations through workshops and technical assistance in grant-writing, to expand the Walker-Talker community engagement model to increase community members’ knowledge of and access to positive youth development opportunities, and to offer evidenced-based workshops for organizations to promote youths’ developmental assets; (2) To evaluate the community-level impact of this comprehensive approach through continuous collection of surveillance data on community-level indicators of youth violence exposure using a multiple baseline design in three economically disadvantaged communities; (3) To evaluate the effectiveness of each prevention strategy with this comprehensive approach by assessing their impact on specific risk and protective factors they address; (4) To develop a Youth Advisory Council that will be actively involved in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the prevention strategies, and (5) To mentor and provide training to doctoral-level students, postdoctoral fellows, and faculty in the area of youth violence prevention. The project focuses on three economically disadvantaged communities in the City of Richmond, Virginia that were selected based on community input and review of surveillance data indicating high rates of community youth violence. Youth homicide accounted for the majority of all homicides and intentional injury deaths (96%) between 1999 and 2019 (CDC-WISQARS) – a rate that is nearly two times to 10.5 times greater than the national average (CDC-WISQARS, 2020). Violence in Richmond disproportionately impacts African American youth, and 92% of all youth who died from intentional and violence-related injuries were African American (Bishop & Chapman, 2019). Given these statistics, is essential to identify strategies that prevent and decrease community rates of youth violence in Richmond.