Early characterization of cognitive status and AD risk in African American men

项目摘要/摘要 尽管过去主要针对美国白人的研究报告称，男性患轻度糖尿病的风险更高 认知障碍(MCI)和从MCI到AD的更快进展，我们不知道是否也是这样 对非裔美国人来说。老年人认知状态和阿尔茨海默病(AD)风险的早期表征 非洲裔美国男性是一个关键的、未得到满足的挑战。值得注意的是，很少有痴呆症研究包括 相当多的年长的非洲裔美国人。特别是，缺乏关于神经成像的数据 老年非裔美国男性在AD认知衰退之前和期间。我们将利用一个十字架- 对老年城市非裔美国男性的分段研究，以确定遗传、社会和环境的特征 对大脑和指示认知状态和阿尔茨海默病风险的神经标记物的影响。我的培训申请将 不仅增进了我们对老年非裔美国人神经变化和大脑活动的理解， 尤其是那些暴露在将他们置于阿尔茨海默病高危状态下的人，但他们的大脑健康与 行为、遗传、神经、生活方式、社会和环境风险因素。在研究期间使用观察性研究 K99阶段，我将捕捉非裔美国人认知变化/衰退的大脑和神经路径，而 接受广泛的培训，掌握神经成像工具和概念，熟练检查大脑 图像生物标记物、神经心理评估和基于任务的功能磁共振测试和分析。在R00中 阶段，我们将研究社会和环境因素影响认知的神经通路。 并找出缓和其影响的个体差异。此外，我们还将探索社会和环境 影响通过影响载脂蛋白ε4和ABCA7-80基因影响认知状态和阿尔茨海默病 老年非裔美国人的风险。了解老年人脑健康与阿尔茨海默病风险的机制 非洲裔美国男性将提高我们对AD如何影响男性以及哪些量身定做的干预措施的了解 对降低非裔美国男性的AD风险和改善认知功能最为有效。最新进展 鉴于非裔美国老年人数量的增加，量身定做的干预措施日益迫切 体验AD以及AD给个人、家庭和社区带来的负担。在结束时， K99，我将获得结构和功能神经影像分析方面的强化培训经验 技术，增加了我对阿尔茨海默病的认知和遗传标记的知识。更进一步，我将会收获 在临床前非裔美国人中降低与衰老相关的慢性病风险方面的其他专业知识。这个 专业知识将作为我的R00和未来独立研究的基础，在那里我将专注于社交和 环境健康决定因素，以观察和记录影响大脑健康的因素并预防 城市非裔美国男性中的阿尔茨海默氏症。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Although past studies done primarily on white Americans report that men have a higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and more rapid progression from MCI to AD, we do not know if this is also the case for African American men. Early characterization of cognitive status and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk in older African American men is a critical unmet challenge. There have been notably few dementia studies that included substantial numbers of older African American men. In particular, there is a paucity of neuroimaging data on older African American men in the years prior to, and during, cognitive decline to AD. We will utilize a cross- sectional study of older, urban African American men to characterize genetic, social, and environmental influences on the brain and neural markers indicative of cognitive status and AD risk. My training application will not only advance our understanding of neural changes and brain activity in older African American men, especially those exposed to conditions that put them at high risk for AD, but how their brain health relates to behavioral, genetic, neural, lifestyle, social, and environmental risk factors. Using observational study during the K99 phase, I will capture brain and neural pathways to cognitive changes/decline in African Americans, while undergoing extensive training to gain mastery of neuroimaging tools and concepts, proficiency in examining brain image biomarkers, neuropsychological assessments, and task-based fMRI testing and analyses. In the R00 phase, we will examine the neural pathways through which social and environmental factors impact cognition and identify individual variability that moderates their impact. Also, we will explore if social and environmental influences are mediated by their effect on the APOE ε4 and ABCA7-80 genes to impact cognitive status and AD risk in older African American men. Understanding the mechanisms involved in brain health and AD risk in older African American men will improve our knowledge of how AD affects men, and which tailored interventions are most effective for mitigating AD risk and improving cognitive function in African American men. The development of tailored interventions is increasingly urgent given the increase in the number of African American older adults experiencing AD and the AD-associated burdens to the individuals, families, and communities. At the end of the K99, I will have obtained intensive training experience in structural and functional neuroimaging analytic techniques and increased my knowledge of cognitive and genetic markers of AD. Further, I will have gained additional expertise in aging-related chronic illness risk reduction in pre-clinical African American men. The expertise would serve as a basis for my R00 and future independent research, where I would focus on social and environmental determinants of health to observe and document factors that impact brain health and prevent Alzheimer’s disease in urban African American men.