The impact of auditory access on the development of speech perception

项目总结 重听婴儿(IHH)患听力发育不良和 言语感知(例如，感知CAT和HAT)，尽管早期听力检测和干预。为 听力正常的婴儿(INH)，出生的第一年是磨练言语感知能力的开创期 通过接触语言而塑造的。在这一早期发展阶段，感知技能变得更多 狭隘地调整到光谱和时间特征，或有利于行为相关的辨别的线索 信息。因此，早期知觉技能的发展是由语言之间的动态相互作用驱动的 听觉感觉通路的经验和同步成熟。因为语言的精炼 辨别能力取决于婴儿对语音的暴露，IHH容易患非典型肺炎 这一时期的发展。目前仍知之甚少的是不一致的听觉提示的影响 IHH的通达性和言语知觉较差。迫切需要将听觉发育图绘制在 并了解听觉线索处理对言语知觉能力的长期影响。灌装 这一需求将为开发有助于个性化干预的临床工具奠定基础 战略。 我们在这项应用中的总体目标是1)描绘IHH中语音感知的出现 与年龄匹配的异烟肼队列进行比较；2)描述听觉言语线索对言语的影响 噪声中的辨别，以及3)评估言语知觉的调谐与 功能性听觉技能。通过比较3个月、6个月和12个月大的这些组，我们可以描述其程度 成熟和经验有助于言语知觉的出现和调谐 超能力。为了记录语音感知的发展，我们将使用头皮记录的脑电图法 (EEG)对本地和非本地语音的反应进行测量。我们的假设是：1)INH将 展示元音和辅音的音调，但IHH不会；2)言语感知 在12个月大时测量的能力将与辨别能力呈正相关；以及3)听觉 表现出对英语辅音协调的婴儿的发育分数会更高。 研究结果将有助于我们对IHH的言语知觉和听觉技能发展的理解。我们的 长期目标是改善听力损失儿童的言语和语言结果。这个项目是 与NIDCD的使命有关，即了解影响听力损失出现的机制 言语知觉和功能性听觉技能的发展。

PROJECT SUMMARY Infants who are hard-of-hearing (IHH) are at significantly increased risk for poor auditory development and speech perception (e.g., perceiving cat versus hat), despite early hearing detection and intervention. For infants with normal hearing (INH), the first year of life is a seminal period for refining speech perception abilities shaped by exposure to language. During this early developmental period, perceptual skills become more narrowly tuned to spectral and temporal features, or cues, that favor discrimination of behaviorally relevant information. Thus, early perceptual skill development is driven by the dynamic interplay between language experiences and the concurrent maturation of auditory sensory pathways. Because refinement of speech discrimination abilities depends on an infant's exposure to speech sounds, IHH are susceptible to atypical development during this period. What remains poorly understood is the impact of inconsistent auditory cue access and poor speech perception among IHH. There is a critical need to map auditory development among IHH and to understand the long-term impacts of auditory cue processing on speech perception abilities. Filling this need will lay the foundation for developing clinical tools that will aid in personalization of intervention strategies. Our overall objectives in this application are to 1) map the emergence of speech perception among IHH compared to a cohort of age-matched INH; 2) describe the effects of auditory speech cue access on speech discrimination in noise, and 3) to assess the relationship between attunement of speech perception and functional auditory skills. By comparing these groups at 3, 6, and 12 months of age, we can describe the extent to which maturation and experience contribute to the emergence and attunement of speech perception abilities. To document speech perception development, we will use scalp-recorded electroencephalography (EEG) measured in response to native and non-native speech sounds. Our hypotheses are: 1) INH will demonstrate attunement for vowel and consonant speech sounds, but IHH will not; 2) speech perception abilities measured at 12 months of age will be positively correlated with discrimination abilities; and 3) auditory development scores will be higher for infants who demonstrate attunement to English consonant sounds. Results will inform our understanding of speech perception and auditory skill development among IHH. Our long-term goal is to improve speech and language outcomes in children with hearing loss. This project is relevant to NIDCD's mission of understanding the mechanisms of hearing loss which impact the emergence of speech perception and functional auditory skill development.