Social Cognition in Latinx Individuals with Schizophrenia

7.项目摘要 患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的人被认为是少数民族， 经历精神卫生保健的差异，部分原因是治疗方法之间缺乏匹配， 文化偏好。鉴于拉丁裔在美国的快速增长，估计占29%， 到2050年，关注拉丁裔的跨文化研究对公平的精神分裂症至关重要 为这一代表性不足和得不到充分服务的人口提供治疗。例如，社会认知 成为精神分裂症功能恢复的重要治疗目标，但学者们呼吁， 注意到西方对社会认知的主要理解，并指出对 临床试验中使用的社会认知任务的跨文化效度。 本项目以社会认知为重点，提出了一项研究培训计划， 申请人发展成为一名独立的研究人员，解决心理健康结果的差异， 拉丁裔精神分裂症患者通过（1）获得心理测量分析的专业知识，重点是交叉分析， 确保临床试验期间公平评估的文化验证，（2）实施最佳实践， 研究与拉丁裔精神分裂症患者生活，（3）进行社区参与的研究方法 这使得服务使用者能够参与制定适合文化的干预措施。 补充研究计划旨在更好地了解如何测量和 社会认知的结构可能会有所不同，拉丁裔精神分裂症患者和他们的白色 同龄人具体目标是：（1）评估社会领域标准测量的心理测量特性 在拉丁裔精神分裂症患者（n = 71）的次要数据集的认知;（2）调查功能 社会认知治疗目标在同一样本中的意义，以及 （3）进行并分析以文化为中心的认知访谈（n = 30），以确定潜在的 措施中的文化偏见。先前的研究表明，认知面试对 阐明影响项目反应过程并超越定量方法的社会文化因素 通过提供机会来确定测量差异的来源，而不仅仅是存在。 这些信息的意义包括发展与文化相关的心理社会干预措施 根据NIMH的战略计划（目标 4，目标4.3）。为患有精神分裂症的拉丁裔人口提供创新的服务模式， 帮助提高治疗的可接受性、可及性和有效性。

7. PROJECT SUMMARY Individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder who identify as an ethnic minority are at greater risk of experiencing mental health care disparities, attributed in part to a lack of fit between treatment approaches and cultural preferences. Given the rapid growth of Latinxs in the U.S., estimated to account for 29% of the population by 2050, attention to cross-cultural research with Latinxs is essential for equitable schizophrenia treatment delivery to this underrepresented and underserved population. For instance, social cognition has emerged as an important treatment target for functional recovery in schizophrenia, but scholars have called attention to the predominately Western understanding of social cognition and point to concerns about the cross-cultural validity of social-cognitive tasks used in clinical trials. With a focus on social cognition, the current project proposes a research training plan that facilitates the applicant’s development into an independent researcher addressing disparities in mental health outcomes for Latinxs living with schizophrenia by (1) gaining expertise in psychometric analyses with a focus on cross- cultural validation that ensures fair assessment during clinical trials, (2) implementing best practices for research with Latinxs living with schizophrenia, and (3) conducting community-engaged research methodology that allows for the involvement of service users in the development of culturally-appropriate interventions. The complementary research plan aims to generate a better understanding of how the measurement and construct of social cognition might differ between Latinx individuals living with schizophrenia and their white peers. The specific aims are to (1) evaluate the psychometric properties of field-standard measures of social cognition in a secondary data set of Latinxs with schizophrenia (n = 71); (2) to investigate the functional significance of social-cognitive treatment targets in this same sample, as well as the potential influence of acculturation; and (3) conduct and analyze culturally-focused cognitive interviews (n = 30) to identify potential cultural bias within the measures. Previous research has shown that cognitive interviews are effective for elucidating sociocultural factors that influence the item-response process and go beyond quantitative methods by providing an opportunity to identify the source, rather than just the presence, of measurement disparities. The implications for such information include the development of culturally-relevant psychosocial interventions that target social-cognitive deficits in Latinxs living with schizophrenia, in line with NIMH’s Strategic Plan (Goal 4, Objective 4.3). Innovative service delivery models for the Latinx population living with schizophrenia can assist with improved acceptability, access, and effectiveness of treatment.