Toward Validating a Measure of Tonic and Phasic Irritability in Community and Clinical Samples

项目摘要/摘要 易怒是儿童和青少年最常见的心理健康问题之一。此外，它还是一个 是成年后精神病理和功能障碍的最强预测因子。易怒可能 以各种方式表现出来，这使得一些研究人员最近将其概念化为由两个 成分：紧张性易怒，定义为持续愤怒或暴躁的情绪；和阶段性易怒，定义为 短暂的脾气爆发。尽管在概念上提出了这种区别，但研究检查 强直性/相态应激性是否在经验上是可分离的，以及它们的临床相关性是否不同，潜在的 发病机制、纵向病程和治疗反应有限。实证工作的一个重大障碍是 这一区域一直没有心理测量学证实的区分主音/相的测量方法 过敏性目前可用于研究或临床使用。长期目标。我建议发展和发展 评估学龄儿童和青少年紧张性/相激性的首个多信息者测量方法。 这一措施将填补文献中的一个紧急空白，提供一个心理测量学健全的、多信息的人 一种仪器，将促进对紧张性/相应性刺激的病因的研究，并帮助开发和 评估有针对性的预防和治疗方法。设计。我把主音/相位音阶发展到1) 对涵盖相关结构的现有工具进行全面的文献搜索，2)利用 发展精神病理学专家修改和完善项目库，以及3)进行认知 采用有声思考和汇报相结合的方法对儿童和青少年的父母进行访谈。 拟议的项目将从五个样本中收集数据，包括三个便民社区样本(a 总计约800名6-17岁儿童的父母和约800名无关的13-17岁青少年)通过 Qualtrics XM面板，允许迭代规模开发过程；纵向数据集(~215个父项 具有更广泛的验证措施的6岁儿童)和临床样本(~150 家长和他们的约150名10-17岁的儿童在门诊心理和精神病学诊所)，以评估 将这一措施推广到更严重受损的人群。在每个样本中，参与者将 完成一份简短的调查，评估易怒、情绪和行为症状。目的/方法。这个 本项目的目标有五个：1)开发和完善一种新的多信息者量表，用于评估青年 使用经典心理测量学和项目反应理论(IRT)分析紧张性/相位性应激性；2)评估 通过检验紧张性/相应激性的并发关系来检验收敛和区分效度 易怒、父母心理病态、父母教养方式、孩子气质和孩子的现有测量 精神病理学；3)通过建立紧张性/相性应激性与精神病理学之间的关系模型来评估预测效度 青少年心理问题的后续测量；4)评价被调查者、年龄 生物性别和种族/民族；5)使用IRT编制评定量表的缩写版本。

Project Summary/Abstract Irritability is one of the most common mental health problems in children and adolescents. Moreover, it is one of the strongest predictors of later psychopathology and functional impairment in adulthood. Irritability can manifest in a variety of ways, which has recently led some investigators to conceptualize it as consisting of two components: tonic irritability, defined as persistently angry or grumpy mood; and phasic irritability, defined as short-lived temper outbursts. Though this distinction has been raised conceptually, research examining whether tonic/phasic irritability are empirically separable and differ in their clinical correlates, underlying mechanisms, longitudinal course, and treatment response is limited. A significant obstacle for empirical work in this area has been that no psychometrically validated measure that differentiates between tonic/phasic irritability is currently available for research or clinical use. Long-term objectives. I propose to develop and evaluate the first multi-informant measure of tonic/phasic irritability for school-age children and adolescents. This measure will fill an urgent gap in the literature by providing a psychometrically-sound, multi-informant instrument that will advance research on the etiopathogenesis of tonic/phasic irritability and help develop and evaluate targeted approaches to prevention and treatment. Design. I developed the tonic/phasic scale by 1) conducting a comprehensive literature search of existing instruments that cover related constructs, 2) utilizing experts in developmental psychopathology to revise and refine the item pool, and 3) conducting cognitive interviews with parents of children and adolescents using a combined think-aloud and debriefing methodology. The proposed project will collect data from five samples including three convenience community samples (a total of ~800 parents of 6–17-year-old children and ~800 unrelated 13–17-year-old youth) collected through Qualtrics XM panels, allowing for an iterative scale development process; a longitudinal dataset (~215 parents of 6-year-olds enriched for irritability) with a wider set of validating measures; and a clinical sample (~150 parents and their ~150 10–17-year-old children in outpatient psychology and psychiatry clinics) to evaluate the generalizability of the measure to a more severely impaired population. In each sample, participants will complete a brief survey assessing irritability and emotional and behavioral symptoms. Aims/Methods. The aims of this project are five-fold: 1) develop and refine a novel multi-informant scale for assessing youth tonic/phasic irritability using classical psychometric and item-response theory (IRT) analyses; 2) evaluate convergent and discriminant validity by examining concurrent relationships of tonic/phasic irritability with existing measures of irritability, parental psychopathology, parenting style, child temperament, and child psychopathology; 3) assess predictive validity by modeling relationships between tonic/phasic irritability and later measures of youth psychological problems; 4) evaluate measurement invariance for informant, age, biological sex, and race/ethnicity; and 5) develop a shortened version of the rating scale using IRT.