Predictors of Problematic Media Use in Middle Childhood: Project M.E.D.I.A

儿童中期问题媒体使用的预测因素：M.E.D.I.A项目 摘要 媒体是大多数儿童和成年人生活的规范部分，大多数人花费几年时间 每天数小时使用各种媒体设备。然而，多达10%的青少年和新兴成年人 上瘾或病态地使用媒体，这会损害他们在日常生活中的能力。现有 对病态媒体使用的研究主要集中在青少年和新兴成年人；然而， 与媒体的病态和健康关系很可能早在青春期之前就开始了。有必要 在儿童早期研究媒体使用的轨迹，特别是有问题的和健康的媒体使用 发展。这将使研究人员能够在病理性使用之前发现问题使用的前兆 媒体的影响力已经发展起来。长期目标是了解儿童时期与媒体相关的问题行为 以及它对以后生活中病理性媒体使用的发展的贡献。早期使用有问题的媒体 童年涉及一系列可能是后来病态媒体使用的先兆，包括对媒体的执着， 当媒体被移除时发脾气或哭泣，以及对媒体偷偷摸摸或撒谎。这一特殊情况的目标是 应用程序涉及三个具体目标：(1)确定父母的早期教育(技术参考和亲子 关系质量)与童年中期的媒体使用问题有关，(2)考察儿童如何 媒体内容(儿童指导的和剥削性的)与随着时间的推移而有问题的媒体使用有关，以及(3)确定 问题媒体使用的交易性质和儿童行为结果(社会能力和 执行功能)在儿童早期。中心假设是早期育儿(技术参考和 亲子关系)和低质量媒体将与儿童问题媒体使用有关 童年和这样的行为将与负面的儿童结果相关。我们建议探讨这些目标 在一项为期3年的儿童早期(从5.5岁到7.5岁)的纵向研究中，利用我们的500名儿童队列 我们从出生起就一直在学习。我们将通过包括咖啡馆在内的几种创新方法来做到这一点 工具包(被动感知应用程序，跟踪使用媒体花费的时间、时间使用日记)和EMA以捕获 目前媒体使用存在问题。拟议的研究具有重要意义，因为这个纵向项目 我将研究早期育儿和儿童媒体内容如何与中间有问题的媒体相关 童年时期。这一知识将帮助研究人员识别可能受益于早期治疗的高危个体 干预旨在改变媒体曝光的轨迹，平衡媒体与其他活动，并 增加健康媒体的使用。这可能会减少发展病态关系的个体数量。 媒体后来还在发展中。

Predictors of Problematic Media use in Middle Childhood: Project M.E.D.I.A Abstract Media are a normative part of life for most children and adults with most individuals spending several hours each day using various media devices. However, as many as 10% of adolescents and emerging adults develop an addictive or pathological use of media, which impairs their ability to function in daily life. Existing research on pathological media use has focused on adolescents and emerging adults; however, trajectories of both pathological and healthy relationships with media likely begin well before adolescence. It is necessary to study the trajectories of media use, and in particular problematic and healthy media use, earlier in child development. This will allow researchers to discover the precursors of problematic use before pathological use of media has developed. The long-term goal is to understand media-related problematic behavior in childhood and its contribution to the development of pathological media use later in life. Problematic media use in early childhood involves a host of likely precursors to later pathological media use, including a fixation on media, tantrums or crying when media is removed, and sneaking or lying about media. The objective of this particular application involves three specific aims (1) to determine how early parenting (technoference and parent-child relationship quality) is associated with problematic media use during middle childhood, (2) to examine how child media content (child-directed and exploitative) is related to problematic media use over time, and (3) determine the transactional nature of problematic media use and child behavioral outcomes (social competence and executive functioning) in early childhood. The central hypothesis is that early parenting (technoference and parent/child relationship) and low-quality media will be associated with child problematic media use during middle childhood and such behavior will be associated with negative child outcomes. We propose to explore these aims in a 3-year longitudinal study in early childhood (from ages 5.5 to 7.5 years), utilizing our cohort of 500 children we have been studying since birth. We will do this by using several innovative methods including the CAFE toolkit (passive sensing apps that track time spent using media, time use diaries), and EMA to capture problematic media use in the moment. The proposed research is significant, because this longitudinal project will examine how early parenting and child media content relate to problematic media across the middle childhood period. This knowledge will help researchers identify high-risk individuals that might benefit from early intervention aimed at changing the trajectory of media exposure, to balance media with other activities, and to increase healthy media use. This may reduce the number of individuals who develop a pathological relationship with media later in development.