Intersubject Synchrony in Neural and Behavioral Representations of Social Uncertainty Among Adults and Adolescents

项目摘要 不确定性通常是一种无处不在的、充满压力的经历，它是在对他人的信仰做出判断时产生的， 意图，或情绪(即，模棱两可的社交情况)。过度的不确定性可能会产生有害的影响 对记忆、情绪以及身体和精神结果的影响。然而，我们几乎不了解社会的判断是如何 确定性随着时间的推移而形成，这些判断背后的神经回路，以及这些判断是如何有意义的 不同于非社会不确定性来源(例如，计算、感知)。不确定性在每一个 发展阶段，但青少年和成年人对模棱两可的评价和反应有所不同 社会性和非社会性。传统的单变量神经成像分析，它比较了 广泛的神经区域的激活，对细微的模式差异没有反应 复杂的社会认知。新的多变量技术，如主体间相关性(ISC)，应用于 动态的、功能丰富的和生态上有效的社交歧义来源对于理解是至关重要的 社会认知的基本方面，但尚未应用于回答这些重要问题。 F99阶段：我建议的博士前项目使用了一种新颖的研究设计，在这个设计中，成年参与者连续 对他们对给定社交(例如，角色的清白或有罪)和非社交(例如，帧亮度)的确定性进行评级 在fMRI中观察长形式叙事性视频刺激(即45分钟的犯罪剧)时的结果。这将产生一个 可通过ISC分析的并发记录的神经和行为数据的连续时间过程 在正常成人中确定不确定性判断形成中常见的神经回路 人口。跨领域神经行为同步性可以强调社会和非社会确定性 判断形成机制不同。定义标准的成人神经不确定性反应提供了一个至关重要的 与具有明显不确定性反应的脆弱人群进行比较，包括自闭症谱系， 焦虑和情绪障碍。这一阶段的培训包括相关计算方法的指导 以神经科学的社会决策和神经发育理论为K00阶段做准备。 K00阶段：这一阶段扩展了我的博士前研究，将F99阶段研究设计应用于青少年 人口。这种方法可以确定成年人和青少年是否普遍依赖于不同的或 类似的神经回路，用于评估相同的刺激并通知不确定性的主观指标(即行为 评级)。青春期是一个高度关注社会他人的时期。歧义的存在 这一时期的社会压力源预示着成年后焦虑和抑郁的易感性和严重性。 因此，社会不确定性是如何处理的，这对以后的研究人员具有显著的意义 发展阶段。本提案这一阶段的培训计划将侧重于发展 发展性社会神经科学文献，可应用于发展的计算方法 社会神经科学研究和指导技能，以建立一个多样化的、包容的独立研究实验室。

Project Summary Uncertainty is an often pervasive, stressful experience that arises when making judgments about others' beliefs, intentions, or emotions (i.e., ambiguous social situations). Excessive uncertainty can have pernicious effects upon memory, mood, and physical and mental outcomes. Yet, we understand little of how judgments of social certainty form over time, the neural circuitry underlying these judgments, and how these judgments meaningfully differ from non-social uncertainty sources (e.g., calculations, perceptions). Uncertainty is featured in every developmental stage but adolescents and adults differ in their appraisals of and responses to ambiguity; both social and non-social. Traditional univariate neuroimaging analyses, which compare average magnitudes of activation across broad neural regions, are unresponsive to the subtle pattern differences that characterize complex social cognition. Novel multivariate techniques, such as intersubject correlations (ISC), applied to dynamic, feature-rich, and ecologically-valid sources of social ambiguity are crucial for understanding fundamental aspects of social cognition but have not yet been applied to answer these important questions. F99 Phase: My proposed pre-doctoral project uses a novel study design in which adult participants continuously rate their certainty of a given social (e.g., a character's innocence or guilt) and non-social (e.g., frame luminance) outcome while observing long-form narrative video stimuli (i.e., 45 min crime drama) during fMRI. This yields a continuous time course of concurrently-recorded neural and behavioral data which can be analyzed via ISC to determine the neural circuitry commonly implicated in uncertainty judgment formation among normative adult populations. Interdomain neural-behavioral synchrony can underscore how social and non-social certainty judgment formation mechanisms differ. Defining normative adult neural uncertainty responses provides a crucial comparison to vulnerable populations with pronounced uncertainty responses, including autism spectrum, anxiety, and mood disorders. Training during this phase includes instruction in computational methods relevant to the neuroscience of social decision-making and neurodevelopmental theory to prepare for the K00 Phase. K00 Phase: This phase extends my pre-doctoral research by applying the F99 Phase study design to adolescent populations. This approach could identify whether adults and adolescents are generally relying on distinct or similar neural circuitry to assess the same stimuli and inform subjective indicators of uncertainty (i.e., behavioral ratings). Adolescence is a period marked by intense attention towards social others. The presence of ambiguous social stressors during this period predicts susceptibility to and severity of anxiety and depression into adulthood. Thus, how social uncertainty is processed has notable implications for researchers working at any later developmental stage. The training plan in this phase of the proposal will focus on developing expertise in the developmental social neuroscience literature, computational methods that can be applied to developmental social neuroscience research, and mentorship skills to establish a diverse, inclusive independent research lab.