ETHANOL AND CD4 CELL DEPENDENT IMMUNITY

人类和实验动物的乙醇消耗量 被证明会抑制许多特定的免疫功能。它有 有人假设，免疫反应受到抑制， 导致传染病流行率上升， 酗酒者的肿瘤研究表明，慢性乙醇 消耗抑制T淋巴细胞辅助功能。CD4 T- 辅助细胞可分为两个不同的表型亚群 通过不同的淋巴因子分泌模式起作用。th 1细胞 产生细胞介导的免疫; Th 2负责 抗体介导免疫小鼠寄生虫感染提供了 这是完全由以下两种方法控制的感染的主要例子： Th 1或Th 2系统。其中两个模型已经被 彻底调查，（a）利什曼原虫，原生动物 感染，其中免疫完全依赖于Thl， （B）粪类圆线虫，一种线虫感染，其中 免疫完全依赖于Th 2。乙醇的作用 消费对保护性免疫力的发展，这些 将确定感染，从而阐明 乙醇对Th 1和Th 2功能的影响。本研究的目的是 （i）确定给药的适当方案 用于证明对CD 4细胞的影响 功能（ii）确定乙醇对保护性 依赖于Th 1或Th 2细胞的免疫应答，和（iii） 研究乙醇引起改变的机制， 保护性免疫反应用这些获得的结果 两个寄生虫感染模型将提供有关 乙醇消耗对保护性免疫依赖性的影响 CD 4细胞。

Ethanol consumption in humans and in experimental animals has been shown to depress many specific immune functions. It has been hypothesized that the depressed immune response may contribute to the increased prevalence of infectious diseases and tumors in alcoholics. Studies suggest that chronic ethanol consumption depresses T-lymphocyte helper function. CD4 T- helper cells can be divided into two distinct phenotypic subsets acting through different lymphokine secretion patterns. Th1 cells give rise to cell-mediated immunity; Th2 are responsible for antibody-mediated immunity. Parasitic infections in mice provide the premier examples of infections controlled exclusively by either the Thl or the Th2 system. Two of these models have been thoroughly investigated, (a) Leishmania major, a protozoan infection, where immunity is totally Thl dependent and (b)Strongyloides stercoralis, a nematode infection, where immunity is totally Th2 dependent. The effect of ethanol consumption on the development of protective immunity to these infections will be determined, thereby elucidating the effect of ethanol on Thl and Th2 function. The objectives of this study are to (i) to determine the appropriate protocol for the administration of ethanol to mice for the demonstration of an effect on CD4 cell function (ii) to determine the effect of ethanol on protective immune responses dependent on either Thl or Th2 cells and (iii) to investigate the mechanism by which ethanol causes an alteration in the protective immune response. The results obtained with these two parasitic infection models will provide information on the effects of ethanol consumption on protective immunity dependent on CD4 cells.