SMOKE FREE FAMILIES--INTERVENTION/REFINEMENT/EVALUATION

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：低出生体重 减少风险仍然是卫生保健专业人员面临的一项挑战。 怀孕期间接触烟草烟雾是一种可改变的风险， 提高低出生体重率。 本研究的目的是确定 无烟家庭戒烟干预的有效性。 期望的结果是，怀孕吸烟者在以下阶段前进： 家庭环境烟草烟雾（ETS） 暴露减少。 将进行一项两组纵向随机化研究， 与200个家庭谁是HMO成员进行。 一半的家庭 组成对照组，并接受常规的HMO护理。 另 100个家庭将参加无烟实验计划 家庭（SFF）。 无烟家庭是专为孕妇及其 家庭 干预包括与变化阶段相匹配的活动， 增强妇女和家庭成员对胎儿的感知的方法，以及 支持制定一项从家庭中消除ETS的计划。 研究的目的是：a）确定，在三个月的时间内， 该方案在实现孕妇搬迁成果方面的有效性 在成为不吸烟者和减少妇女接触的阶段取得进展 B）确定各群体的相对贡献 成员资格，变化过程，自我效能感和家庭支持 成为不吸烟者和减少家庭ETS的结果 暴露; c）描述女性戒烟尝试的模式， 怀孕期间ETS控制的实施程度; d）评估 妇女对变化过程的利用，自我效能感， 作为对实验方案的反应的家庭支持的感觉; e） 评估家庭对计划的有用性和可取性的看法 活动 访谈、问卷调查和生物标志物数据收集 将使用数据程序。 访谈数据包括吸烟状况， 变化阶段的运动和ETS暴露。 问卷数据 包括变化过程、自我效能和家庭支持。 吸烟 将使用生物化学方法对戒烟尝试进行生物化学确认， 尿可替宁标记物 将通过以下方式获得定性评价数据： 对妇女和家庭成员的采访。 将分析定量数据 采用卡方、协方差分析、回归分析和判别分析 分析. 定性数据将使用专题分析进行分析。 研究结果将用于完善和进一步发展无烟家庭 为后续的大规模研究做准备。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Low birth weight risk reduction continues to be a challenge for health care professionals. Tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy is a modifiable risk that can improve LBW rates. The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the Smoke Free Families smoking cessation intervention. The desired outcomes are that pregnant smokers move forward in the stages of becoming a non-smoker and that household environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is reduced. A two group longitudinal randomized study will be conducted with 200 families who are HMO members. Half of the families will constitute the control group and will receive the usual HMO care. The other 100 families will participate in the experimental program, Smoke Free Families (SFF). Smoke Free Families is tailored to pregnant women and their families. The intervention includes stage of change matched activities, methods to enhance perception of the fetus by women and family members, and support for the development of a plan to eliminate ETS from the household. The research aims are to: a) determine, over three month period the program's effectiveness in achieving the outcomes of moving pregnant women forward in the stages of becoming nonsmokers and reducing women's exposures to household ETS; b) determine the relative contributions of group membership, processes of change, self-efficacy, and family support to the outcomes of moving toward becoming a non-smoker and decreasing household ETS exposure; c) describe patterns of women's smoking cessation attempts and degree of implementation of ETS control during pregnancy; d) evaluate women's uses of processes of change, perceptions of self-efficacy, and feelings of family support as a response to the experimental program; e) evaluate families' perceptions of usefulness and desirability of program activities. Interview, questionnaire and biologic marker data collection data procedures will be used. Interview data include smoking status, movement in the stages of change, and ETS exposures. Questionnaire data include processes of change, self-efficacy and family support. Smoking cessation attempts will be biochemically confirmed using the biological marker, urine cotinine. Qualitative evaluative data will be obtained by interview from women and family members. Quantitative data will be analyzed using Chi-square, analysis of covariance, regression and discriminant analysis. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis. Results will be used to refine and further develop the Smoke Free Families intervention for a subsequent large scale study.