STAGE BASED HEALTH PROMOTION WITH THE ELDERLY

描述(摘自研究人员摘要)：这项研究项目的广泛、长期目标是开发新的、更有效的干预方法，以改善老年人的健康和福祉。具体目的是确定健康行为改变跨理论模型在单独和联合改善老年人体力活动和营养行为方面的有效性；确定基于阶段的体力活动和营养干预单独和联合对机能能力和一般健康结果的影响；以及研究老年人如何改变他们的健康行为。研究表明，大多数健康促进计划只招募那些准备好采取新行为的人，通常只占总人口的20%左右。高水平的自然减员和复发率会导致大约1-5%的“冲击率”。该项目有可能开发出更有效的方法来促进老年人的一般健康。研究将采用2x2设计，包括4个处理组：单独的营养干预、单独的体力活动干预、联合干预和对照。将编写教育材料，包括手册、时事通讯、专家反馈报告和辅导电话，所有这些都是基于健康行为改变的跨理论模型。所使用的措施将包括一般健康和功能评估；客观和主观体力活动和营养评估；以及变化的阶段和过程、决策平衡和自我效能衡量。为期12个月的干预将包括专家系统生成的报告、基于阶段的手册和时事通讯以及电话指导。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from investigator's abstract): The broad, long-term objectives of this research project are to develop new and more effective intervention methods to improve the health and well-being of older adults. The specific aims are to determine the effectiveness of the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change in improving the physical activity and nutritional behavior singly and in combination in an older population; determine the effects on functional ability and general health outcomes of stage-based physical activity and nutrition interventions singly and in combination; and, study how older adults change their health behaviors. Research indicates that most health promotion programs recruit only those persons who are ready to adopt the new behavior, usually only approximately 20 percent of the general population. High levels of attrition and relapse rates result in an "impact rate" of approximately 1-5 percent. This project holds the potential for developing more effective methods to promote general health of older adults. The research will utilize a 2x2 design with 4 treatment groups: nutrition intervention alone, physical activity intervention alone, combined intervention, and control. Educational materials, including a manual, newsletters, expert feedback reports, and coaching phone calls, all based on the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change, will be developed. Measures used will include general health and functional assessments; objective and subjective physical activity and nutrition assessments; and stage and process of change, decisional balance, and self- efficacy measures. The 12-month intervention will include expert system generated reports, stage- based manual and newsletters and phone coaching.