NEURAL PROCESSES OF PATTERN VISION IN HUMAN INFANTS

描述：(改编自申请者摘要)：本项目的目标是 增进我们对视觉模式敏感性发展的理解 在人类婴儿身上。可以使用众多而复杂的线索来判断空间 视觉图案元素中的位置；这些提示包括方向、亮度 对比度、时间频率和空间频率。拟议中的实验 旨在确定敏感机制的相对贡献率 这些不同的信息来源对婴儿的位置敏感。这个 实验将使用已建立的视觉诱发的改进版本 电位(VEP)技术，以及应用最广泛的位置测试 敏感度，游标敏锐度。该项目将解决以下问题： (1)时空机制在游标视力中的作用是什么 显影？(2)游标和光栅的锐度受不同的限制吗？ 机制？(3)方向敏感滤光片在游标中的作用是什么 发展过程中的敏锐性？每个实验将测量不同方面的 婴儿在发育过程中的VEP游标反应，并与成年人的比较 反应决定游标反应不成熟的性质。超越 分析婴儿游标敏锐度的机制，该项目将具有 对临床诊断具有潜在价值。游标敏锐度是一种更敏感的 由于屈光不正而导致视力丧失的指示器。具体来说， 在Snellen中，游标视力比光栅式视力更可靠 (字母图)成人弱视的敏锐度。游标敏锐度也是有选择的 在有皮质视力障碍的婴儿和儿童中受损。建议数 游标视力发展的实验将提供实质性的规范性 为有弱视或皮质病风险的婴儿设计新视力测试的数据 视力受损。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The goal of this project is to advance our understanding of the development of visual pattern sensitivity in human infants. Numerous and complex cues are available to judge spatial position in visual pattern elements; these cues include orientation, luminance contrast, temporal frequency, and spatial frequency. The proposed experiments are designed to determine the relative contributions of mechanisms sensitive to these different sources of information to infants' position sensitivity. The experiments will use an improved version of an established visual evoked potential (VEP) technique, and the most widely used test of position sensitivity, vernier acuity. The project will address the following questions: (1) What are the roles of spatiotemporal mechanisms in vernier acuity development? (2) Are vernier and grating acuity limited by different mechanisms? (3) What are the roles of orientation-sensitive filters in vernier acuity during development? Each experiment will measure different aspects of infants' VEP vernier responses during development, and compare these to adults' responses to determine the nature of the vernier response immaturity. Beyond analyzing the mechanisms of infant vernier acuity, the project will have potential value for clinical diagnosis. Vernier acuity is a more sensitive indicator than grating acuity of vision loss due to ambylopia. Specifically, vernier acuity is significantly more reliable than grating acuity in Snellen (letter chart) acuity in adult amblyopes. Vernier acuity is also selectively damaged in infants and children with cortical visual impairment. The proposed experiments on vernier acuity development will provide substantial normative data for designing new vision tests for infants at risk for amblyopia or cortical visual impairment.