Transduction of Tumor Suppressor Proteins into Gliomas

描述：(申请人提供)脑瘤、胶质瘤和星形细胞瘤， 是毁灭性的恶性肿瘤，占美国癌症总数的2.3% 死亡，是儿童第二常见的实体肿瘤。恶性 脑瘤对目前的治疗方法反应不佳，平均存活率为 尽管接受了治疗，但由于胶质瘤的侵袭性，治疗不到一年， 特别是多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)，局部抗癌策略， 例如手术切除，也不能充分阻止这种疾病。神经胶质瘤 选择用于多个肿瘤抑制基因的基因失活，包括 P53(60%)、PTEN(75%)、p16/p I4ARF(50%)、pRb(30%) 百分比)，以及表观遗传下调p27 CDK抑制剂。 抗癌治疗的一个中心假说认为，肿瘤的替代 恶性细胞中抑制基因的功能将导致特定的死亡或 癌细胞的凋亡，而不影响周围的正常组织。 事实上，肿瘤细胞正在遭受持续的DNA损伤，因此， 胶质瘤中野生型p53腺病毒表达的特异性研究 诱导胶质瘤细胞发生凋亡。我们建议通过以下方式来检验这一假设 产生可转导的肿瘤抑制蛋白。 我的实验室进一步发展了蛋白质转导的方法学。 含有N‘端的重组、细菌表达的融合蛋白 HIV TAT的蛋白转导结构域快速转导到100%的 细胞。使用这种方法，我们已经产生和转换了60多个 15-120 kDa的TAT融合蛋白。最近，我们展示了一种能力 TAT-B-Gal蛋白转导到大多数(如果不是全部)细胞和组织中 小鼠体内模型，包括跨越血脑屏障。因此，在 原理和实践，所有哺乳动物细胞类型都对蛋白质敏感 转导。 我们建议测试杀戮的抗癌有效性和特异性。 可转导肿瘤抑制蛋白在小鼠脑胶质瘤模型中的作用 TAT-ARF和TAT-P53，以及一种可转导的促凋亡病毒蛋白， 塔特-阿波普丁。TAT融合蛋白将在体外进行分析和优化，并 然后在裸鼠和小鼠脑内进行了抗脑胶质瘤移植瘤试验。 在B8转基因ras约2“小鼠中新生的星形细胞瘤。此外， 量化小鼠模型中的蛋白质转导潜力，我们打算分析 TAT报告融合蛋白的转导和复性速率，包括 TAT-B-GAL和TAT-TK。TAT-TK活性也将在体内通过以下方式进行监测 使用~8F-氟更昔洛韦作为正电子发射体的MicroPET成像。

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) Brain tumors, gliomas and astrocytomas, are devastating malignancies that account for 2.3 percent of all US cancer deaths and represent the second most common solid tumor of children. Malignant brain tumors respond poorly to current therapies with a mean survival rate of less than one year despite treatment, Due to the invasive nature of gliomas, particularly glioblastoma multiformes (GBM), localized anti-cancer strategies, such as surgical removal, also fail to adequately halt the disease. Gliomas select for genetic inactivation of multiple tumor suppressor genes, including p53 (>60 percent), PTEN (>75 percent), p16/p I4ARF (50 percent), pRB (30 percent), and epigenetic down-regulation of the p27 Cdk inhibitor. A central hypothesis of anti-cancer therapies holds that replacement of tumor suppressor gene functions in malignant cells will result in specific death or apoptosis of the cancer cell while sparing the surrounding normal tissue. Indeed, tumor cells are undergoing continuous DNA damage and therefore, adenovirus expression of wild type p53 in gliomas by results in specific apoptosis to the glioma tumor cells. We propose to test this hypothesis by generating transducible tumor suppressor proteins. My laboratory has further developed the methodology of protein transduction. Recombinant, bacterially expressed fusion proteins containing an N' terminal protein transduction domain from HIV TAT rapidly transduce into 100 percent of cells. Using this methodology, we have generated and transduced over 60 TAT-fusion proteins from 15-120 kDa. Recently, we have demonstrated the ability of TAT-B-gal protein to transduce into most, if not all, cells and tissues of mouse models in vivo, including across the blood-brain barrier. Thus, in principle and practice, all mammalian cell types are susceptible to protein transduction. We propose to test the anti-cancer effectiveness and specificity of killing glioma tumors in mouse models by transducible tumor suppressor proteins, namely TAT-ARF and TAT-p53, and by a transducible pro-apoptotic viral protein, TAT-Apoptin. TAT-fusion proteins will be analyzed and optimized in vitro and then tested against xenograft intracranial glioma tumors in nude mice and in de novo derived astrocytomas in B8 transgenic ras about2" mice. In addition, to quantify protein transduction potential in mouse models, we intend to analyze the transduction and refolding rates of TAT-reporter fusion proteins, including TAT-B-gal and TAT-TK. TAT-TK activity will also be monitored in vivo by microPET imaging using '8F-fluoroganciclovir as a positron emitter.