Increasing Non-Motorized Travel to School

描述（由申请人提供）： 在过去20年中，儿童超重和久坐不动的行为显著增加。提高儿童体育活动水平的努力只取得了一定的成功。本提案描述了一项试点研究，旨在获取必要的初步数据和经验，以制定全面试验的干预方案。这项试点研究将比较两种方法的可行性，以增加儿童上学的非机动车旅行（NMT）：一个学校范围内的行为/教育模式，使用步行到学校运动与步行到学校运动的使用，同时组织一个学校-社区联盟，以促进环境变化（EI）。主要目的是：（1）观察行为/教育干预（WTSI）对五年级学生非机动车（NM）上学/放学的影响，（2）观察行为/教育干预加上学校-社区联盟的影响，该联盟将专注于创建环境干预（EI），以增加NM上学/放学。这项研究将采用参与性行动研究方法，由一个经验丰富的多学科小组执行。将从参加心血管健康方案的县招募两所学校，该方案是北卡罗来纳州卫生部和地方卫生部门之间的合作项目，旨在影响体育活动和营养政策以及环境变化。学校将在规模、符合非校车条件的百分比、建筑年龄、少数民族学生百分比和补贴营养计划百分比方面进行匹配。这项研究的主要结果是非机动车旅行“计数”上学/放学（由前一天体力活动回忆测量），增加总体力活动（加速度计）的次要结果，并最终降低计划参与者的超重水平。另一个次要目标是评估从儿童和家长那里获得的NMT对学校的心理社会，行为和环境决定因素的作用。横断面设计将在基线，1年和2年的时间点测量连续组的五年级学生。如果研究结果显示，在这些先导学校增加学童的净乘车时间是可行的，我们会根据研究结果，制订一套全面的建议，增加学童的主动乘车上学时间。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Overweight and sedentary behaviors among children have increased significantly over the past 20 years. Efforts to increase children's physical activity levels have been only moderately successful. This proposal describes a pilot study designed to acquire necessary preliminary data and experience to develop an intervention protocol for a full-scale trial. This pilot study will compare the feasibility of two approaches to increasing children's travel to school by non-motorized travel (NMT): a school-wide behavioral/educational model using the Walk to School campaign versus the use of the Walk to School campaign while concurrently organizing a school-community coalition to facilitate environmental change (EI). Primary Aims are: (1) To observe the effects of a behavioral/educational intervention (WTSI) on the non-motorized (NM) trips to/from school by 5th grade students, and (2) To observe the effects of a behavioral/educational intervention plus a school-community coalition that will focus on creating environmental interventions (EI) to increase NM trips to/from school. The study will use participatory action research approaches, executed by an experienced multi-disciplinary team. Two schools will be recruited from counties participating in the Cardiovascular Health Program, a cooperative venture between the NC Department of Health and local health departments to effect physical activity and nutrition policy and environment changes. Schools will be matched on size, % non-bus eligible, building age, % minority students, and % subsidized nutrition program. The primary outcome of this study is non-motorized trip "counts" to/from school (as measured by the Previous Day Physical Activity Recall), with secondary outcomes of increased total physical activity (accelerometers) and, ultimately, decreased levels of overweight among program participants. An additional secondary aim is to assess the role of psychosocial, behavioral and environmental determinants of NMT to school obtained from children and parents. A cross-sectional design will measure successive groups of 5th graders at baseline, 1- year and 2- year time points. If results suggest that it is feasible to increase NMT in these pilot schools, we will use these results to develop a full-scale proposal on increasing children's active travel to school.