Vital capacity & airflow measurement for voice evaluation: A vortex whistle system

项目摘要/摘要 全面的嗓音评估需要评估基本的子系统，包括呼吸 子系统。然而，言语语言病理学家(SLP)对评估和治疗实践的调查 美国国内外都表明，呼吸和空气动力学措施很少在 评估发声障碍，主要是由于无法获得昂贵的设备。建议的系列 旨在克服SLP嗓音评估实践中的这一严重缺陷，通过结合 来自临床发声科学、声学、统计学方法和空气动力学的概念和技术 工程学。结果将提供准确的、低成本的呼吸能力和发声气流的测量 通过开发和验证独特设计的涡旋哨声和伴随的信号分析 软件。涡旋哨子是一种非机械、非电子设备，它提供的哨声频率 与入口风量成正比变化。当频率映射到入口空气流量时， 从涡哨得到的频率-流量曲线可以用来估计流量。而不是一个 替代肺活量测定仪和其他基于气动测速仪的空气动力学仪器，我们的涡流 哨子设计经过优化，可准确测量肺活量(VC)和平均发声气流(PA) 在呼吸和喉功能评估中有重要应用的持续发声 对有效的发声至关重要。涡旋哨子的制造成本只有 基于气动转速计或其他空气动力学仪器。此外，平台无关性 分析软件可以在低成本计算机上使用，并可以很容易地转换到移动平台上。 该项目的具体目标是：(1)更全面地了解声学- 通过计算气动声学(CAA)模拟涡旋哨声的气动性能，(2)评估 硬件和软件分析修改，可优化提供准确VC和PA的能力 通过物理气动声学(PAA)建模对涡旋哨声的估计 用于生产高度可控和可重复的气流和体积的注射器方法，(3)比较 以及通过涡旋哨声系统(VWS)获得的高质量VC和PA的相关测量 基于气动测速仪的气动仪器，包括Koko SX 1000型肺活量计和 发音空气动力系统(PAS)，(4)浊音起始频率-流量特性与 潜在驾驶压力(PSUB)，以及(5)证明VWS是一种非劣质的“黄金”替代品 基于标准气动测速仪的非发声障碍组VC和PA测量 单侧声带麻痹组受试者的生命周期和治疗结果评估 (UVFP)患者手术前和术后的中介化。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Comprehensive voice evaluation requires assessment of the essential subsystems, including the respiratory subsystem. However, surveys of assessment and treatment practices by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) both in and outside of the United States indicate that respiratory and aerodynamic measures are rarely used in the assessment of voice disorders, mainly due to lack of access to expensive equipment. The proposed series of studies seeks to overcome this serious deficiency in the voice assessment practice of SLPs by combining concepts and techniques from clinical voice science, acoustics, statistical methods, and aerodynamic engineering. The result will provide accurate, low-cost measures of respiratory capacity and phonatory airflow via the development and validation of a uniquely designed vortex whistle and accompanying signal analysis software. A vortex whistle is a non-mechanical, non-electronic device that provides a whistle frequency that varies proportional to the inlet airflow rate. When frequency is mapped to the inlet airflow rate, the area under the frequency-flow curve obtained from the vortex whistle can be used as an estimate of volume. Rather than a replacement for spirometry and other pneumotachometer-based aerodynamic instrumentation, our vortex whistle design is optimized to obtain accurate measures of vital capacity (VC) and mean phonatory airflow (PA) in sustained voicing that have important application to the assessment of respiratory and laryngeal function essential for effective voice production. The vortex whistle can be manufactured for a tiny fraction of the cost of pneumotachometer-based or other aerodynamic instrumentation. In addition, the platform-independent analysis software can be used with low-cost computers and can be easily translated to mobile platforms. The specific goals of this project are to: (1) develop a more complete understanding of the acoustic- aerodynamic capabilities of the vortex whistle via computational aeroacoustic (CAA) modeling, (2) assess hardware and software analysis modifications that can optimize the ability to provide accurate VC and PA estimates from the vortex whistle via physical aeroacoustic (PAA) modeling that incorporates an actuated syringe methodology for the production of highly controlled and repeatable airflows and volumes, (3) compare and correlate measures of VC and PA obtained via the vortex whistle system (VWS) with high-quality pneumotachometer-based aerodynamic instrumentation including the Koko SX 1000 spirometer and the Phonatory Aerodynamic System (PAS), (4) correlate voicing onset frequency-flow characteristics with underlying driving pressure (Psub), and (5) demonstrate the VWS as a noninferior alternative to “gold” standard pneumotachometer-based instrumentation for measures of VC and PA in groups of nondysphonic subjects across the lifespan and as a treatment outcome measure in a group of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) patients pre- and post-surgical medialization.