Community Participation in Developing a Measure for Safe Older Driver Behaviors

描述(由申请人提供)：在老年人中有效预防车祸/伤害有赖于社会支持的健康促进计划，以及敏感地跟踪安全驾驶行为变化的措施。黄金标准昂贵，不易获得，而且不适用于大多数年长的司机。到目前为止，大多数干预措施在减少撞车相关伤害方面进展甚微。在之前的工作中，我们发现这些程序和工具是在没有社区主要利益相关者的投入的情况下开发的；在缺乏解决多个人-车-环境因素的结构和措施的情况下，缺乏精确度、广泛的领域和可接受的生态有效性。我们建议与老年驾驶安全社区的合作伙伴一起开发一种自我报告的安全驾驶行为测量(SDBM)。总而言之，我们将：1)提炼理论上衍生的结构和领域，并开发测量老年人安全驾驶行为所需的功能项目；2)确定结构、领域和功能项目的表面和内容效度；3)量化SDBM的结构效度和同时标准效度，并确定三个评分者群体(老年司机、家庭/照顾者和驾驶评估者)的评分员可靠性；以及(4)进行多点干预试验所需的基础性工作，包括改进工具、制定干预方案和设计要素，以及确定必要的多点合作者，以测试新措施作为机动车碰撞有效预测因子的可靠性、有效性和敏感性。该项目的创新之处在于，在社区参与的情况下，利用汇聚的证据开发和中试了一种安全驾驶行为测量方法：具有足够的条目、可接受的生态有效性和具有较高的公共卫生适用性潜力。利用我们(国际)国家合作伙伴的能力，并建立一个研究人员和合作者的核心来解决多中心试验的复杂问题，我们将能够推进下一步}确保R-01资金，以测试SDBM作为美国和加拿大老年司机撞车的有效预测指标。公共健康相关性声明利用综合证据和社区参与，我们将为老年人开发和试行一项安全驾驶行为衡量标准：该衡量标准具有足够的项目、可接受的预测撞车事故的生态有效性以及对公共卫生适用性的高潜力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Effective crash/injury prevention among older adults is dependent on a socially supported health promotion program with measures sensitive to track change in safe driving behaviors. The gold standard is expensive, not easily accessible and not applicable to the majority of older drivers. Most interventions thus far have shown little progress in reducing crash-related injuries. In prior work we identified that these programs and instruments were developed without the input of the main community stakeholders; in the absence of constructs addressing multiple person-vehicle- environmental factors and with measures lacking precision, a broad scope of domains, and acceptable ecological validity. We propose to develop, with partners from the older driver safety community, a self-report Safe Driving Behaviors Measure (SDBM). Collectively we will: 1) refine the theoretically derived constructs and domains, and develop functional items, required to measure safe driving behaviors among older adults; 2) determine the face and content validity of the constructs, domains, and functional items; 3) quantify the construct validity and concurrent criterion validity of the SDBM, and determine the rater reliability among three rater groups (older driver, families/caregiver, and driving evaluators); and (4) perform the foundational work necessary for a multi-site intervention trial, including refining the instrument, developing the intervention protocols and design elements, and identifying the multi-site collaborators necessary to test the reliability, validity and sensitivity of the new measure as a valid predictor of motor vehicle crashes. The innovation of this project is in using converging evidence to develop and pilot test, with community participation, a safe driving behaviors measure: one with adequate items, acceptable ecological validity, and high potential for public health applicability. Using the capacity of our (inter)national partnerships and establishing a core of researchers and collaborators to address the complex issues of a multi- center trial, we will be positioned to advance to the next step }securing R-01 funding to test the SDBM as a valid predictor of crashes for older drivers in the U.S and Canada. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Statement Using converging evidence and community participation we will develop and pilot test a safe driving behaviors measure for older adults: one with adequate items, acceptable ecological validity for predicting crashes, and high potential for public health applicability.