Brain Computer Interface: Inference of Spatial Field

描述（由申请人提供）：脑机接口（bci）从大脑中提取和分类记录的电信号，允许用户绕过运动系统，仅通过思想控制计算机光标或假体设备等硬件。对闭锁的ALS患者或严重脊髓损伤患者的实际应用已在实验室环境中得到证实；然而，目前的方法依赖于受试者使用反馈来训练他们的思想，并且在非实验室、自定节奏的条件下经常导致用户精神疲劳和不可靠。这里提出的转化研究试图通过从大脑顶叶区域的电活动中提取信息来解决这些问题，这些活动与自愿到达运动的预期目标有关。将编写一种算法，将这些以眼为中心坐标的预期空间场的电生理特征转换为计算机屏幕的空间特征。这种推理方法有望在自定节奏、非实验室条件下提供更可靠的用户意图检测。贡献包括改善残疾人的辅助技术，以及关于感觉运动处理的基础神经科学的新推广知识。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Brain-Computer-Interfaces (BCIs) extract and classify electrical signals recorded from the brain to allow users to bypass the motor system and control hardware such as a computer cursor or a prosthetic device by thoughts alone. Practical applications for locked-in patients with ALS or severe spinal cord injury have been demonstrated in laboratory settings; however, current methods rely on the subjects to train their thoughts using feedback and often lead to user mental fatigue and unreliability in non-laboratory, self-paced conditions. The translational research proposed here seeks to address those issues by extracting information from the electrical activity in parietal regions of the brain associated with the intended targets of voluntary reaching movements. An algorithm will be written to translate those electrophysiological signatures of intended spatial field in eye-centered coordinates into spatial features of the computer screen. This inferential method is expected to provide more robust detection of the user's intentions under self-paced, non-laboratory conditions. Contributions include improved assistive technologies for disabled populations as well as new generalizable knowledge in basic neuroscience regarding sensorimotor processing.