Children of Depressed Mothers: Culture & Prevention

描述（由申请人提供）：这是NIMH新少数民族教师（K01）科学家发展奖的第二次重新提交。候选人建议利用5年的指导支持期来提高她的理论、方法和统计技能，以支持在预防干预研究方面的新知识和专业知识的发展，重点关注因父母精神疾病而面临风险的儿童。该候选人是一名临床心理学家，在社区暴力暴露、心理健康问题预防、非洲裔美国青年焦虑症和母亲抑郁症方面有博士后研究经验。本申请中概述的职业发展和研究计划将有助于她成为一名独立的心理健康预防研究人员的职业目标（即，针对不同种族、有风险的青少年和患有父母抑郁症的家庭，开发、组织和实施经验验证的预防干预措施）。本资助申请将达到以下目标：1)通过研究文化背景下的风险和保护措施，提高对精神病理学传播的认识；2)加强对儿童心理健康预防干预措施的理论和概念理解，以降低与父母精神病理相关的风险；3)学习进行干预试验所需的方法学和统计学技能；4)设计并评估针对非裔美国母亲抑郁的孩子的文化特异性预防方案。实现上述职业目标的主要手段是参与两项相关研究。研究1是一项横断面描述性研究，研究对象是抑郁的非裔美国母亲和她们的目标孩子。研究1考察了文化和保护性调节因素（即大家庭支持、社交技能）、机制（即消极父母、消极生活事件）和风险因素（即暴露于社区暴力和种族主义），这些因素可能会影响抑郁的非裔美国母亲的孩子的心理结果。研究1的重要发现将用于研究2中对父母患有抑郁症的非裔美国家庭的认知心理教育预防干预的文化适应（Beardslee, 1997a,b）。研究2包括一项干预措施的适应性、一项小型开放试验和一项随机试点研究，以评估适应性预防干预措施（干预与常规治疗）。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a second resubmission for a NIMH Scientist Development Award for New Minority Faculty (K01). The candidate proposes to use a mentored support period of 5 years to enhance her theoretical, methodological, and statistical skills to support the development of new knowledge and expertise in preventive intervention research focusing on children at risk due to parental mental illness. The candidate is a clinical psychologist with postdoctoral research experience in community violence exposure, prevention of mental health problems, anxiety disorders among African American youth, and maternal depression. The career development and research plan outlined in this application will facilitate her career goal of being an independent mental health prevention researcher (i.e., develop, organize, and implement empirically validated preventive interventions targeted at ethnically diverse, at risk youth and families suffering with parental depression). The following objectives will be achieved in this grant application: 1) enhance knowledge of transmission of psychopathology by studying risk and protective in the context of culture; 2) enhance theoretical and conceptual understanding of child mental health preventive interventions as related to reducing risk associated with parental psychopathology; 3) learn methodological and statistical skills needed to conduct an intervention trial and; 4) design and evaluate a culturally-specific preventive program for children of depressed African American mothers. The primary vehicle for achieving the above career objectives is engaging in two related studies. Study 1 is a cross-sectional, descriptive study of depressed African American mothers and their targeted child. Study 1 examines cultural and protective moderators (i.e., extended family support, social skills), mechanisms (i.e., negative parents, negative life events) and risks factors (i.e., exposure to community violence and racism) that may impact psychological outcomes in children of depressed African American mothers. Significant findings from Study 1 will be used to culturally adapt a cognitive psychoeducation preventive intervention for African American families with parental depression (Beardslee, 1997a,b) in Study 2. Study 2 consists of the adaptation of an intervention, a small open trial, and a randomized pilot study to evaluate the adapted preventive intervention (Intervention vs. Treatment-As-Usual).