Gene Environment Interactions and Pre-disease Pathways

使用来自Add Health的四波数据，在此数据分析子项目中，我们将检查 毒品使用和相关行为的轨迹，包括行为问题和危险的性行为。遗传 将根据他们与其他生物、心理和社会因素的相互作用来检查贡献。 在一个发展的生命历程框架中。关注毒品使用的发展历程和后果 导致了对多巴胺系统中遗传多态的强调，其中一些可以被详细检查 通过对候选基因的密集单核苷酸多态性(SNP)关联研究。请注意 环境对发育的影响导致我们同时考虑不同环境下的基因 相互作用，并考虑可能介导反应的5-羟色胺系统的遗传多态 环境压力源和生活转型。我们将：经验地确定物质使用的轨迹和 从青春期到青春期的虐待行为，并确定反映出不同模式的个体亚群 指物质使用随时间的连续性和变化；描述物质使用的轨迹如何与 性冒险和反社会行为的模式；检查物质使用的轨迹及其协变 性行为和反社会行为模式，通过性别和种族/民族来确定是否存在 更具某些群体的特征；检查基因对物质使用轨迹的贡献 通过遗传配对数据的生物测定分析和相关的健康结果；检查遗传贡献 通过候选基因的关联测试，物质使用轨迹和相关的健康结果，包括 致密的SNP定位与物质反应有关的多巴胺能通路中的特定靶基因 指虐待和5-羟色胺能通路对环境压力或逆境的反应；检查基因 在预测药物使用轨迹时的环境相互作用，以及相关的行为问题，风险 性行为和相关的健康结果，以及这些互动是否因性别或种族/族裔而异。

Using four waves of data from Add Health, in this data analysis subproject we will examine the developmental trajectories of drug use and related behaviors, including conduct problems and risky sexual behavior. Genetic contributions will be examined in terms of their interaction with other biological, psychological, and social factors in a developmental life course framework. Attention to the developmental course and consequences of drug use leads to an emphasis on genetic polymorphisms in the dopamine system, some of which can be examined in detail through dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association studies of the candidate genes. Attention to the environmental influences on development leads to our simultaneous consideration of genotype by environment interactions, and to a consideration of genetic polymorphisms of the serotonin system that may mediate responses to environmental stressors and life transitions. We will: empirically determine trajectories of substance use and abuse from adolescence into young adulthood, and identify subgroups of individuals who reflect distinct patterns of continuity and change in substance use over time; describe how trajectories of substance use intersect with patterns of sexual risk taking and anti-social behavior; examine trajectories of substance use, and their covariation with sexual and anti-social behavior patterns, by gender and race/ethnicity to determine if there are patterns that are more characteristic of some groups versus others; examine genetic contributions to substance use trajectories and related health outcomes through biometrical analyses of the genetic pairs data; examine genetic contributions to substance use trajectories and related health outcomes through association tests of candidate genes including dense SNP mapping of specific target genes in the dopaminergic pathways implicated in the response to substances of abuse, and serotonergic pathways implicated in response to environmental stressors or adversity; examine gene X environment interactions in predicting the trajectories of substance use, and associated conduct problems, risky sexual behavior and related health outcomes, and whether these interactions vary by gender or race/ethnicity.