Popular Opinion Leaders as a Sports Concussion Prevention Strategy in Middle Schools

标题：舆论领袖作为预防中学体育震荡的策略 FOA：RFA-CE-17-002，运动震荡预防策略的开发和评估 项目摘要/摘要：预防脑震荡是年轻运动员安全的关键优先事项 参加体育运动。因此，过去十年的一个主要重点是增加知识和 意识到脑震荡的体征、症状和管理策略。然而，很少有研究表明 解决了青少年体育，特别是中学体育环境中的一级和二级预防问题。 需要研究来开发和了解最有效的脑震荡预防和治疗策略 这一年轻群体的管理。此外，这些战略和干预措施应该是可行的和 可持续发展。我们将通过开发和试验一种利用 预防中学体育中脑震荡的民意领袖(POL)模式。该研究将包括一项 来自两个学区的不同类型的中学运动队。五项青少年体育项目高发 脑震荡和不同参与者(足球、男孩足球、女孩足球、男孩篮球和女孩足球) 篮球)将会被研究。该项目有三个关键目标。首先，使用形成性方法，我们将识别 机构(目标1.1)、团队(目标1.2)、同行(目标1.3)和个人(目标1.4)的促进者和障碍 在中学足球、篮球和足球中采用和实施POL脑震荡干预 体育社团。第二，我们将确定POL干预对脑震荡相关的影响 行为和环境决定因素，包括态度、信念、意图、感知的控制力和 家长(目标2.1)、教练员(目标2.2)和学生运动员(目标2.3)的规范认知 参加中学足球、篮球和足球比赛。第三，我们将确定油污的影响 通过减少头部撞击频率干预脑震荡风险和临床管理(目标3.1)， 疑似脑震荡报告增加(目标3.2)，脑震荡发病率变化(目标3.3)，以及 改进中学生运动员确诊脑震荡的管理(目标3.4) 在足球、篮球和足球比赛中。这项研究将极大地提高我们对影响的科学认识 一项关于青少年知识、态度、行为和健康结果的当地脑震荡预防计划 体育。

TITLE: Popular Opinion Leaders as a Sports Concussion Prevention Strategy in Middle Schools FOA: RFA-CE-17-002, Development and Evaluation of Sports Concussion Prevention Strategies PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Prevention of concussion is a key priority in the safety of young athletes participating in sport. Accordingly, a major focus over the past decade has been increasing the knowledge and awareness of concussion signs, symptoms, and management strategies. However, few studies have addressed primary and secondary prevention in the youth sport, particularly the middle school sport setting. Research is needed to develop and understand the most effective strategies for concussion prevention and management in this young population. Additionally, these strategies and interventions should be feasible and sustainable. We will address these research needs by developing and piloting a new intervention utilizing a Popular Opinion Leader (POL) model to prevent concussions in middle school sports. The study will include a diverse group of middle school sports teams from two school districts. Five youth sports with a high incidence of concussion and diverse participants (football, boys’ soccer, girls’ soccer, boys’ basketball, and girls’ basketball) will be studied. The project has three key aims. First, using formative methods, we will identify the institutional (Aim 1.1), team (Aim 1.2), peer (Aim 1.3) and personal (Aim 1.4) facilitators and barriers to adopting and implementing a POL concussion intervention in middle school football, basketball, and soccer sports communities. Second, we will determine the effect of a POL intervention on concussion-related behavioral and environmental determinants, including attitudes, beliefs, intentions, perceived control, and normative perceptions, among parents (Aim 2.1), coaches (Aim 2.2), and student-athletes (Aim 2.3) participating in middle school football, basketball, and soccer. Third, we will determine the effect of a POL intervention on concussion risk and clinical management, through decreased head impact frequency (Aim 3.1), increased reporting of suspected concussions (Aim 3.2), changes in concussion incidence (Aim 3.3), and improved management of confirmed concussions (Aim 3.4) among middle school student-athletes participating in football, basketball, and soccer. This study will significantly advance our scientific knowledge on the impact of a local concussion prevention programs on knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and health outcomes in youth sports.