The Effects of Discrimination and Sleep Disturbance on Health among Asian Youth

青少年长期睡眠不足，97%的12年级学生睡眠不足。 不幸的是，睡眠是少数族裔存在差异的几个健康领域之一。睡着了 对青少年的社会、情绪和身体健康和发展产生深远影响。此外，研究 发现睡眠和健康与种族/民族歧视有关。结合这些研究领域， 提出的研究是第一次统一探索歧视、睡眠和健康之间的联系 和纵向方法。 这项研究探索了睡眠障碍作为一种解释性的生理机制，通过 种族/族裔歧视在短期和长期内会导致健康受损。为期两年的研究 包括从9年级开始的亚裔/亚裔美国人(A/AA)青少年。尽管报告的比率为 与其他少数族裔A/A级青年相当甚至更高的歧视在 关于歧视的研究。采用生物心理社会学的方法，该研究探索了生物(即睡眠)， 青少年的心理(即种族/民族认同)、社会(即种族/民族歧视)途径 健康。通过睡眠活动记录、每日调查和三年一次的健康报告的创新组合， 这项研究将对社会-生物医学对发展的影响的科学做出重大贡献。 这种独特的方法论方法提供了探索并发(即，日常水平)以及 纵向(即一年一年)分析，提供了探索时间的前沿方法 发展差距方面的联系。拟议的研究以下列研究目标为指导： ·目标1：探讨种族/民族歧视对睡眠障碍的独特日常影响 健康，根据一般压力的影响进行调整。 ·目标2：探讨日常睡眠障碍部分调节负性睡眠的假设 日常种族歧视对健康的影响。 ·目标3：调查种族/民族认同调节日常水平影响的假设 睡眠障碍方面的种族/民族歧视。 ·目标4：调查日常种族歧视和睡眠的短期和长期影响 随着时间的推移，对健康的干扰。 这项拟议的研究将A/AA青少年的样本添加到正在进行的歧视和 在非洲裔美国人和拉美裔青年中睡觉。与生态社会理论的具体化结构相一致， 这项研究将通过以下方式确定生理途径，从而为健康差异的科学做出贡献 这种歧视的社会经历导致了健康差距。这项研究与美国国立卫生研究院 通过探索导致健康差距发展的生物、心理和社会机制，联合国儿童基金会将继续致力于这一使命。

Adolescents are chronically sleep-deprived with 97% of 12th graders getting insufficient sleep. Unfortunately, sleep is one of several areas of health where ethnic minorities suffer disparities. Sleep has profound influences on adolescent socioemotional and physical health and development. Moreover, research finds that sleep and health share a link to racial/ethnic discrimination. Integrating these areas of research, the proposed study is the first to explore the associations between discrimination, sleep, and health in a unified and longitudinal approach. The study explores sleep disturbance as an explanatory physiological mechanism through which racial/ethnic discrimination leads to compromised health in the short and longer term. The 2-year study includes Asian/Asian American (A/AA) adolescents starting in the 9th grade. Despite reporting rates of discrimination comparable to, and even higher than, other minorities A/AA youth have been neglected in the research on discrimination. Taking a biopsychosocial approach, the study explores the biological (i.e., sleep), psychological (i.e., racial/ethnic identity), social (i.e., racial/ethnic discrimination) pathways to adolescent health. Through the innovative combination of sleep actigraphy, daily surveys, and tri-annual reports of health, the study will make significant contributions to the science of social-biomedical influences on development. This unique methodological approach affords the ability to explore concurrent (i.e., daily-level) as well as longitudinal (i.e., year-over-year) analyses, providing a cutting-edge approach to exploring the temporal linkages in the development of disparities. The proposed study is guided by the following study aims: · Aim 1: To explore the unique daily-level effects of racial/ethnic discrimination on sleep disturbance and health, adjusting for the effects of general stress. · Aim 2: To investigate the hypothesis that daily-level sleep disturbance partially mediates the negative effect of daily racial/ethnic discrimination on health. · Aim 3: To investigate the hypothesis that racial/ethnic identity moderates the effect of daily level racial/ethnic discrimination on sleep disturbance. · Aim 4: To investigate the short- and longer-term effects of daily racial/ethnic discrimination and sleep disturbance on health over time. The proposed study adds a sample of A/AA adolescents to an on-going study of discrimination and sleep among African American and Latino youth. Consistent with ecosocial theory's construct of embodiment, the study will contribute to the science of health disparities by identifying the physiological pathway through which the social experiences of discrimination result in health disparities. The study relates to the NIH's mission by exploring the biopsychosocial mechanisms underlying the development of health disparities.