Thrombosis genetics in African Americans

摘要 心血管疾病是美国人死亡的主要原因， 非裔美国少数民族的发病率不成比例。血栓形成和 血管炎症是动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂和血管炎的重要因素 心肌梗塞、缺血性中风以及静脉血栓形成的基础 血栓栓塞性疾病新的生物标志物的鉴定及其在 不同种族人群可以增加从传统CVD风险中获得的信息， 这些因素以及阐明潜在的疾病机制和健康差距。同时血液 生物标志物已被证明是至关重要的CVD的研究，有一个赤字， 在非裔美国人中进行这些措施的研究。初步数据显示， 凝血酶生成，通过内源性凝血酶的血浆测量离体定量 电位（ETP）是一种新的方法来理解的内在和 外源性凝血途径与体内血栓形成。全基因组序列 数据，包括编码和功能非编码变体，需要识别完整的 罕见变异对常见疾病的贡献谱。WGS的数据尤其 在非欧洲祖先群体中，这一点很重要，那里的基因组仍然相对有限， 信息.使用来自3，500名患者的储存基线杰克逊心脏研究（JHS）血浆样本， 非裔美国人，我们建议测量几个新兴的血栓形成和炎症 血浆生物标志物（内源性凝血酶潜能、纤维蛋白原γ、凝血因子VIII 和VIIa，可溶性白细胞介素-2受体，可溶性CD 14和可溶性CD 163），其可能 反映和/或说明血栓形成性增加，因此可能导致较高的 非裔美国人的CVD发病率。我们将评估血栓形成生物标志物 和生物标志物相关的遗传变异与更复杂的亚临床和临床CVD JHS和其他非裔美国人队列中可用的终点，包括REGARDS。通过添加 这些血栓形成和炎症的关键指标与JHS和REGARDS数据集， 利用NHLBI TOPMed项目提供的现有全基因组序列数据， 利用创新的分析和群体遗传学方法，我们将能够大大 扩大我们对血栓形成和炎症在CVD健康差异中的作用的认识。

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States, and disproportionate rates are seen in minority African American populations. Thrombosis and vascular inflammation are important contributors to atherosclerotic plaque rupture and vascular occlusion that underlie myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, as well as venous thromboembolic disease. The identification of novel biomarkers and their assessment in different ethnic populations can augment the information obtained from traditional CVD risk factors as well as illuminate underlying disease mechanisms and health disparities. While blood biomarkers have been shown to be critically important in the study of CVD, there is a deficit of studies of these measures in African American populations. Preliminary data suggest that thrombin generation, as quantified ex vivo by plasma measurement of endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) is a novel approach to understanding the connection of both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways to thrombus formation in vivo. Whole genome sequence (WGS) data, including both coding and functional noncoding variants, are required to identify the full spectrum of contributions of rare variants to common diseases. WGS data are particularly important among non-European ancestry groups, where there is still relatively limited genomic information. Using stored baseline Jackson Heart Study (JHS) plasma samples from 3,500 African Americans, we propose to measure several emerging thrombosis and inflammation plasma biomarkers (endogenous thrombin potential, fibrinogen gamma', coagulation factors VIII and VIIa, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, soluble CD14, and soluble CD163) that are likely to reflect and/or account for increased thrombogenicity and therefore may contribute to higher rates of CVD in African Americans. We will assess the association of thrombosis biomarkers and biomarker-associated genetic variants with more complex subclinical and clinical CVD endpoints available in JHS and other African American cohorts, including REGARDS. By adding these key measures of thrombosis and inflammation to the JHS and REGARDS data sets, utilizing existing whole genome sequence data available through the NHLBI TOPMed project, and using innovative analytical and population genetic approaches, we will be able to greatly expand our knowledge of the role of thrombosis and inflammation in CVD health disparities.