A humanized mouse model for vaginal HIV-1 transmission.

摘要 动物模型，如小型非人灵长类动物和人源化免疫系统小鼠 （人源化小鼠）是研究通过抗逆转录病毒药物或疫苗预防HIV的有价值的工具。 人骨髓-肝-胸腺（BLT）小鼠模型允许重建人骨髓-肝-胸腺（BLT）小鼠模型。 淋巴样细胞在肠道和女性生殖道（FRT），这使得人源化BLT小鼠 适用于HIV粘膜传播和暴露前预防的研究。完成网站 将人源化BLT小鼠、人胎肝和胸腺组织植入肾包膜下 移植有自体人HSPC的上述免疫缺陷小鼠。主要 BLT模型的局限性是：1）它需要胎儿来源的人细胞和组织; 2）它发展成 移植物抗宿主病因此，重要的是开发人源化小鼠模型， 利用非胎儿来源的人HSPC重建粘膜人免疫系统， 易受粘膜HIV传播的影响。我们已经开发了人源化小鼠模型， 在女性生殖道（FRT）中重建人类淋巴细胞和骨髓细胞， 通过阴道暴露导致了强烈的HIV-1感染使用这个小鼠模型，我们建议 研究：1）阴道暴露于HIV-1后感染的传播和播散; 2） 用抗逆转录病毒药物治疗的小鼠中的粘膜病毒储库; 3）用抗逆转录病毒药物治疗的小鼠中的病毒特异性CD 8 + T细胞; HIV感染小鼠的FRT。我们提出的研究将开发一种非胎儿来源的人源化 小鼠模型，其允许在FRT中稳健地重建粘膜人免疫细胞， 支持HIV-1的阴道传播。此外，它将帮助我们更好地了解人类 FRT中的免疫应答，这将为基于T细胞的疫苗提供启示 发展

Abstract Animal models such as small non-human primates and humanized immune system mice (humanized mice) are valuable tools to study HIV prevention by antiretroviral drugs or vaccines. The human bone marrow-liver-thymus (BLT) mouse model allows reconstitution of human lymphoid cells in gut and female reproductive tract (FRT), which makes humanized BLT mice suitable for the studies of HIV mucosal transmission and pre-exposure prophylaxis. To generate humanized BLT mice, human fetal liver and thymus tissue are implanted under the kidney capsule of aforementioned immunodeficient mice engrafted with autologous human HSPCs. The major limitations of the BLT model are: 1) it requires fetal derived human cells and tissues; 2) it develops graft-versus-host disease. Therefore, it is important to develop humanized mouse models that utilize non-fetal derived human HSPCs to reconstitute mucosal human immune system and are susceptible to mucosal HIV transmission. We have developed humanized mouse models that reconstituted human lymphocytes and myeloid cells in the female reproductive tract (FRT), which allowed robust HIV-1 infection through vaginal exposure. Using this mouse model, we propose to investigate: 1) Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal exposure to HIV-1; 2) mucosal viral reservoirs in mice treated with antiretroviral drugs; 3) Viral-specific CD8+ T cells in the FRT of HIV-infected mice. Our proposed study will develop a non-fetal derived humanized mouse model that allows robust reconstitution of mucosal human immune cells in the FRT to support vaginal HIV-1 transmission. In addition, it will help us gain a better insight into the human immune responses in the FRT, which will provide implications to the T-cell based vaccine development.