Immobilized Receptors In Drug Discovery

基于在流动色谱系统中包含靶受体，开发了一种用于高通量筛选的新方法。在这种方法中，受体被固定在固体支持物上，并将支持物填充到小柱中。测试化学品通过柱，经过固定的靶标，并且化合物从柱的开始到其结束所花费的时间与靶标和化合物之间的相互作用的强度，即配体-受体复合物的结合亲和力直接相关。使用这种方法，复杂的化学和生物混合物可以在与疾病相关靶标相互作用和不相互作用的化合物之间快速分类。与此同时，与靶标结合的化合物本身在低、中和高亲和力结合剂之间快速分选。因此，该方法快速地提供具有高信息含量的大量数据。我们已经开发了基于G蛋白偶联受体的筛选原型，使用阿片受体的κ、μ和δ亚型、β-肾上腺素能受体和烟碱受体的各种亚型。烟碱受体为基础的列已被用来筛选烟草烟雾冷凝物和初步结果表明，以前未知的化合物已被确定。正在评估这些化合物作为竞争性激动剂和拮抗剂以及非竞争性抑制剂的药理学活性。使用非竞争性抑制剂和非线性色谱法进行的研究表明，该方法可用于识别和表征的非竞争性抑制剂结合在中央腔的受体，以及在一个extra-receptor网站确定为奎纳克林结合位点。化学计量学分析被用来开发定量结构-活性关系（QSAR）和由此产生的方程可以用来预测化合物的药理活性。分子模拟研究被用来描述和预测烟碱受体和非竞争性抑制剂之间的相互作用。基于计算机的研究已被用作题为“用于烟碱乙酰胆碱受体和相关配体门控离子通道受体的非竞争性抑制剂的基于计算机的识别和表征模型”的专利申请的基础（参考号：E-158-2003/0-US-01）。

A new method for high throughput screening has been developed based upon the inclusion of the target receptor in a flowing chromatographic system. In this approach, the receptor is immobilized on a solid support and the support packed into a small column. The test chemicals are passed through the column, over the immobilized target, and the time that it takes for the compounds to pass from the beginning of the column to its end is directly related to the strength of interaction between the target and the compound, i.e. the binding affinity of the ligand-receptor complex. Using this method, complex chemical and biological mixtures can be rapidly sorted between compounds that interact and do not interact with the disease-related target. At the same time, the compounds that bind to the target are themselves rapidly sorted between low, medium and high affinity binders. Thus, the method quickly provides a large amount of data with high information content. We have developed prototypes for the G-protein coupled receptor-based screening using the kappa, mu and delta subtypes of the opioid recpetor, beta-adrenergic receptors and various subtypes of the nicotinic receptor. The nicotinic receptor-based columns have been used to screen tobbaco smoke condensates and initial results indicate that previously unknown compounds have been identified. These compounds are being assessed for their pharmacological activity as competitive agonists and antagonists and non-competitive inhibitors. A study using non-competitive inhibitors and non-linear chromatography was conducted and demonstrated that the method can be used to identify and characterize the non-competitive inhibitors which bind in the central lumen of the receptor as well as at an extra-receptor site indentified as the quinacrine binding site. Chemometric analysis was used to develop quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) and the resulting equations can be used to predict the pharmacological activity of a compound. Molecular modeling studies were used to describe and predict the interactions between the nicotinic receptors and non-competitive inhibitors. The computer-based studies have been used as the basis for a patent application entitled "Computer-based model for identification and characterization for non-competitive inhibitors of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and related ligand-gated ion channel receptors" (ref number: E-158-2003/0-US-01).