Glucose monitoring using polarized light

描述(申请人提供)：糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，需要日常管理以防止血糖水平的大幅波动，糖尿病疾病管理以及生物医学传感器开发是NIDDK和NIBIB在NIH的主要目标。维持正常的血糖水平需要每日监测，目前主要通过商业上可买到的有创(手指或前臂棒法)血糖读数装置进行监测。设计和开发一种新的非侵入性血糖传感器将提供一种测量血糖的方法，而不需要使用手指刺痛和尴尬的设备，从而提高测量频率，更严格地控制，并减少糖尿病的继发性并发症，如心脏病、失明、肾功能衰竭、坏疽和失明。因此，像这里建议的这样的非侵入性设备将有助于患者更好地依从性地监测血糖。这项研究的最终目标是设计和评估一种无创的光学偏振技术，用于测量眼睛前房的葡萄糖浓度，作为一种可量化的血糖测量方法。这项研究的主要结果将是开发一种廉价、非侵入性的血糖传感原型，特别适合自我监测，以帮助控制糖尿病。该设备也可能在医生的办公室或创伤护理病房中具有实用价值。到目前为止，这个团队已经获得了广泛的体外结果，显示了该方法的敏感性、特异性和总体可行性。该团队还获得了有限的体内结果，显示了这项技术的前景。然而，要实现体内临床设备，还有一些关键领域需要研究。这项研究提出了两个具体的目标：1)设计、建立和测试一个系统，以减少由于眼睛运动引起的角膜双折射伪影，并在其他浓度不同的光学活性分子存在的情况下阐明葡萄糖浓度。2)建立一种眼内和眼外光耦合的方法，并测量体内血和房水葡萄糖水平之间的平衡时间延迟。PI和他的实验室非常适合进行这项研究，他们在光学生物传感和生物医学工程方面拥有专业知识和超过15年的经验来设计和开发这种光学血糖监测仪。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires daily management to prevent large fluctuations in blood glucose levels and Diabetes disease management as well as biomedical sensor development is prime targets of the NIDDK and NIBIB at NIH. Maintenance of normal glucose levels requires daily monitoring which is currently performed primarily by using a commercially available invasive (finger or forearm stick method) blood glucose reading device. The design and development of a new noninvasive glucose sensor would provide a means for measurement of blood glucose without requiring the pain and embarrassment of using a finger prick device, thereby allowing for increased frequency of measurement, tighter control, and fewer secondary complications from diabetes mellitus, such as heart disease, blindness, kidney failure, gangrene, and blindness. Thus a noninvasive device such as the one proposed here would serve to facilitate better patient compliance for monitoring blood glucose. The ultimate goal of this research is to design and evaluate a noninvasive optical polarimetry technique for measuring glucose concentration in the anterior chamber of the eye as a quantifiable measure of blood glucose. The primary result of the research will be the development of an inexpensive, noninvasive, glucose sensing prototype particularly suited for self-monitoring to aid in the control of the disease diabetes mellitus. The device may also have utility in a doctor's office or in a trauma care unit. To date, this team has obtained extensive in vitro results showing the sensitivity, specificity, and overall feasibility of the approach. The team also has obtained limited in vivo results showing promise for the technique. However, there are key areas that need to be investigated for the realization of an in vivo clinical device. There are two specific aims proposed in this research: 1) to design, build, and test a system to reduce corneal birefringence artifacts due to eye motion and elucidate glucose concentration in the presence of other optically active molecules that vary in concentration. 2) To develop a means of coupling light in and out of the eye and measure the in vivo equilibration time delay between blood and aqueous humor glucose levels. The PI and his lab are uniquely suited to carry out this research, have expertise and over 15 years experience in optical biosensing and biomedical engineering for the design and development of this optical glucose monitor.