Influence of cognitive training on fall prevention in at risk older adults

 描述(由申请人提供)：大约三分之一的老年人每年摔倒，这是老年人创伤性损伤的主要原因。预防老年人跌倒是一个重要的公共卫生优先事项，因为2020年健康人目标之一是降低跌倒发生率。 由于急诊科就诊人数下降了10%。虽然锻炼和平衡计划被证明在降低跌倒风险方面是有效的，但众所周知，保持行为改变是困难的。因此，需要验证额外的干预措施，以增加我们目前的医疗设备，以减少老年人跌倒。认知训练(CT)包括针对特定认知任务的练习，如记忆或处理速度。据推测，经常执行这样的任务可能会提高功能能力。最近的研究表明，社区居住的老年人跌倒的风险增加，他们在特定的认知任务中有变化。因此，这项拟议研究的目的是证明CT干预的可行性和有效性，以降低跌倒的风险和发生率，并在干预后1个月内改善一组有跌倒风险的非痴呆社区老年人的预后。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately one in three older adults fall annually and it is the primary cause of traumatic injury in older adults. Prevention of falls in older adult is a significant public health priority, as one of the Healthy People 2020 goals is to reduce the rate of emergency department visits due to falls by 10%. While exercise and balance programs have been shown to be effective in reducing fall risk, maintaining behavior change is known to be difficult. Thus additional interventions need to be validated to add to our current armamentarium to reduce falls in older adults. Cognitive training (CT) involves exercises that target specific cognitive tasks, such as memory or processing speed. It has been speculated that routinely performing such tasks may increase functional ability. Recent work has pointed to an increased risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults who have alterations in specific cognitive tasks. Thus the purpose of the proposed study is to demonstrate the feasibility and to explore the effectiveness of a CT intervention to reduce risk and incidence of fall and improve outcomes up to 1 month post-intervention in a group of non-demented community dwelling older adults at risk for fall.