Stress, hazardous drinking and intimate partner aggression in a diverse sample of women and their partners

项目总结 亲密伴侣攻击(IPA；身体、性、心理)是一个严重的公共卫生问题，影响的不仅仅是 美国每三名女性中就有一名。虽然在性少数族裔妇女(SMW；女同性恋， 双性恋)相对较新，研究表明，她们可能比异性恋女性面临更大的风险。考虑到这种酒精 在异性伴侣中，使用是导致IPA的一个主要因素，而研究结果(我们的和其他人的)表明 SMW比异性恋女性更有可能饮酒、酗酒，并经历饮酒- 在相关问题上，酒精很可能在SMW的关系中扮演着重要的角色。然而，有很大的 SMW在酒精使用和IPA方面的研究存在差距。IPA的研究历来采取性别视角(女性 作为受害者/作为肇事者的人)，而且在很大程度上集中于受害者或肇事者，而不是两者。研究 同时关注SMW及其合作伙伴可以说明个人和夫妇层面的因素是如何在外部运作的 在这个研究不足和脆弱的人群中，个人主义和性别视角-并最终导致文化上的 量身定制的干预措施。根据最近对少数人压力模型的扩展，将关系(夫妻水平)包括在内 性少数群体压力的背景，以及i3(i-Cued)关于IPA实施的理论观点，我们建议 收集个人和二元数据，以更好地描述SMW中危险饮酒(HD)和IPA之间的联系 以及他们的伙伴。拟议的项目将从目前在芝加哥注册的SMW的大量和多样化的队列中进行 妇女的健康和生活体验(CHLEW)--一项长达19年的前瞻性研究。CHLEW专注于理解 少数民族性取向与HD之间的联系机制，在这项研究中使用了几个指标，如Heavy 酗酒、间歇性重度饮酒和醉酒。具体地说，我们将招募CHLEW参与者及其合作伙伴 参加CHLEW夫妇研究。因此，拟议的研究提供了一个有效和节省成本的机会 招募多样化的样本，这将有助于了解并最终减少SMW和 异性恋女性。该项目的目的是(1)研究SMW中少数民族应激、HD和IPA之间的关系 和他们的伴侣；(2)检查少数族裔压力和HD之间关联的潜在中介和调节因素，以及 IPA；以及(3)在i3(i-立方体)理论观点的指导下，包括激发因素的影响的测试模型(例如， 关系冲突)、推动因素(如少数民族压力、负面情绪、特质愤怒)和抑制因素(如关系 承诺、情绪调节)或解除抑制(如HD)因素对IPA实施的影响。这项研究建立在 首席调查员史无前例地对SMW的酒精使用及其多样化样本进行的纵向研究，并扩大了这一研究范围 独特的研究计划，探索HD和IPA之间的联系。实现拟议的目标将有助于填补重要的 并将为未来的研究提供基础，旨在澄清HD和HD之间的因果关系 IPA--反过来，它将支持发展文化上适当的个人和二元预防和 针对法定最低工资的需求制定干预战略。

PROJECT SUMMARY Intimate partner aggression (IPA; physical, sexual, psychological) is a serious public health problem that affects more than one in three women in the United States. Although research on IPA among sexual minority women (SMW; lesbian, bisexual) is relatively new, research suggests that they may be at greater risk than heterosexual women. Given that alcohol use is a major contributing factor to IPA in heterosexual couples, and given findings (ours and others') demonstrating that SMW are substantially more likely than heterosexual women to drink alcohol, drink heavily, and to experience drinking- related problems, it is likely that alcohol plays an important role in IPA in SMW's relationships. However, there are large gaps in research on alcohol use and IPA among SMW. IPA research has historically taken a gendered perspective (women as victims/men as perpetrators) and for the most part has concentrated on either victims or perpetrators, not both. Research focused simultaneously on SMW and their partners can illuminate how individual- and couple-level factors operate outside the individualistic and gendered lens in this understudied and vulnerable population—and ultimately lead to culturally tailored interventions. Guided by a recent extension of the minority stress model to include the relational (couple-level) context of sexual minority stress, as well as the I3 (I-Cubed) theoretical perspective on IPA perpetration, we propose to collect individual and dyadic data to better characterize the links between hazardous drinking (HD) and IPA among SMW and their partners. The proposed project will draw from large and diverse cohort of SMW currently enrolled the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW)—a 19-year prospective study. The CHLEW focuses on understanding mechanisms linking minority sexual orientation and HD, defined in this study using several indicators such as heavy drinking, heavy episodic drinking, and intoxication. Specifically, we will recruit CHLEW participants and their partners to participate in the CHLEW Couples study. Thus, the proposed study offers an efficient and cost-saving opportunity to recruit a diverse sample that will contribute to understanding and ultimately reducing health disparities between SMW and heterosexual women. The aims of the project are to (1) examine associations among minority stress, HD and IPA in SMW and their partners; (2) examine potential mediators and moderators of the associations between minority stress and HD and IPA; and (3) guided by the I3 (I-cubed) theoretical perspective, test models that include effects of instigating factors (e.g., relationship conflict), impelling factors (e.g., minority stress, negative affect, trait anger), and inhibiting (e.g., relationship commitment, emotion regulation) or dis-inhibiting (e.g., HD) factors on IPA perpetration. This study builds on the Principal Investigator's unprecedented longitudinal study of SMW's alcohol use and its diverse sample and expands this unique program of research to explore the links between HD and IPA. Achieving the proposed aims will help fill important gaps in knowledge and will provide the basis for future research aimed at clarifying the causal pathways linking HD and IPA—which will, in turn, support the development of culturally appropriate individual and dyadic prevention and intervention strategies tailored to the needs of SMW.