Modulating a critical inhibitory proteoglycan receptor to promote functional recovery after stroke

中风是世界范围内死亡和残疾的主要原因之一， 经济在我们的社会。目前的中风治疗策略主要集中在减少缺血性脑卒中的大小， 损伤和在发生后早期拯救垂死细胞。治疗，如使用溶栓 药物通常受到狭窄的治疗时间窗的限制。然而，大脑的再生， 在中风发生后的几天甚至几周内，损伤仍然活跃，这可能为中风提供了第二个窗口。 治疗我们的初步数据表明，系统性体内递送一种肽，阻断一种特定的受体， 卒中后24小时或7天，卒中动物神经胶质瘢痕中硫酸化蛋白聚糖介导的抑制作用 都能促进他们的功能恢复。我们假设CSPG信号通路参与了 在脑卒中后神经再生和轴突发芽的调节以及调节CSPG中的作用 信号通路将导致中风恢复中更好的功能结果。我们将在两个方面检验这一假设。 在近端短暂性大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAo）动物模型中的年轻和老年小鼠。朝向 为了实现这一目标，我们制定了一项提案，其中包括三个具体目标。在具体目标1和2中，我们将 研究CSPGs信号通路在年轻或老年中风动物的功能恢复中的作用。在 具体目标3，我们将通过结合遗传学和 用诱导型细胞类型特异性RPTPσ敲除或ISP肽处理进行药理学调节。两 神经修复的主要机制，包括脑卒中中的神经发生和轴突发芽，将在 基因和神经调节的中风动物。综合分析， 中风动物的分子、细胞和行为测量将产生数据， CSPG信号在损伤诱导的神经修复过程中的确切作用。获得的数据将是 直接适用于开发新的治疗干预，通过脑缺血治疗， 操纵CNS中的细胞微环境。我们预计， 我们的研究将为神经再生研究开辟新的途径，并导致识别 分子治疗靶点。

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide and places a heavy burden on the economy in our society. Current treatment strategies for stroke primarily focus on reducing the size of ischemic damage and on rescuing dying cells early after occurrence. Treatments, such as the use of thrombolytic agents, are often limited by a narrow therapeutic time window. However, the regeneration of the brain after damage is still active days, or even weeks after stroke occurs, which might provide a second window for treatment. Our preliminary data suggests that systemic in vivo delivery of a peptide that blocks a specific receptor mediated inhibitory action of sulphated proteoglycans in the glial scar in stroke animals 24 hours after stroke or 7 days after stroke both improve their functional recovery. We hypothesize that the CSPG signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of neuroregeneration and axonal sprouting after stroke and that modulating the CSPG signaling pathway will lead to better functional outcome in stroke recovery. We will test this hypothesis in both young and aged mice in the proximal transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) animal model. Towards this goal, we have developed a proposal that consists of three specific aims. In specific aim 1 and 2, we will investigate the role of the CSPGs signaling pathway in functional recovery in young or aged stroke animals. In specific aim 3, we will examine the mechanisms of neurorepair in stroke animals by combination of genetic and pharmacological modulation with inducible cell type specific RPTPσ knockout or ISP peptide treatment. Two main mechanisms of neurorepair including neurogenesis and axonal sprouting in stroke will be analyzed in genetically and pharmacologically modulated stroke animals. Together, the comprehensive analysis of molecular, cellular and behavioral measurements in stroke animals will generate data that will provide insights on the precise role of CSPG signaling in the process of injury-induced neurorepair. The data gained will be directly applicable to developing novel therapeutic interventions in treating cerebral ischemia through the manipulation of the cellular microenvironment in the CNS. We anticipate that the resources and results generated from our study will open new avenues in neuroregeneration research and lead to the identification of molecular therapeutic targets.