Systematic identification and interpretation of repetitive variants underlying schizophrenia
Systematic identification and interpretation of repetitive variants underlying schizophrenia
批准号:
10239011
负责人:
Melissa Gymrek
金额:
$38.75万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
关键词:
AffectAlgorithmsAllelesAtaxiaBase PairingBioinformaticsBiologicalCatalogsCohort StudiesComplexComputational TechniqueComputing MethodologiesCopy Number PolymorphismDNADNA analysisDataData SetDiseaseDissectionFailureFamilyFragile X SyndromeGene ExpressionGenerationsGenesGeneticGenetic PolymorphismGenetic VariationGenome ScanGenomicsGenotypeGoalsHaplotypesHeritabilityHuntington DiseaseHypermethylationIndividualLinkMalignant NeoplasmsMedicalMendelian disorderMental disordersMethodsModelingMolecular GeneticsMorbidity - disease rateMutationNeurologicPatientsPhasePhenotypePlayPoint MutationPopulationPopulation GeneticsPositioning AttributePropertyRNARoleSNP arraySamplingSchizophreniaShort Tandem RepeatSignal TransductionSingle Nucleotide PolymorphismSourceSpliced GenesStatistical MethodsTandem Repeat SequencesTechnologyTestingToxic effectVariantbaseburden of illnesscausal variantcohortdisabilityfollow-upfrontotemporal lobar dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosisgenetic pedigreegenetic variantgenome wide association studygenome-widegenome-wide analysisgenomic locushigh throughput technologyhuman diseaseinnovationmortalitymultidisciplinarynext generation sequencingnovelpolyglutaminepsychogeneticsschizophrenia risksingle moleculetooltrait
中文摘要
项目摘要
精神分裂症是一种遗传性精神疾病,影响约1%的人口。 的
疾病与高发病率和死亡率有关,是造成残疾的主要原因。 全基因组
关联研究(GWAS)已经确定了>100个与精神分裂症相关的遗传基因座。 然而
标准GWAS主要限于检测简单的点突变或单核苷酸多态性
单核苷酸多态性(SNP),由单碱基对取代组成。因此,GWAS无法捕获复杂的变体,
拷贝数变异(CNVs)和串联重复序列(TRs),它们没有被SNP很好地标记。
多种证据支持TRs在精神疾病中发挥作用的假设。TR是
遗传变异的最大来源之一,被SNP标记得很弱,并且在
调节基因表达和剪接。有趣的是,>30种孟德尔疾病是由TR扩增引起的。
几乎所有的重复性疾病都涉及神经学表型,许多具有精神病学成分,
在精神分裂症GWAS中也鉴定了相关基因。
我假设串联重复序列在精神分裂症风险中起着重要作用,并驱动一个子集,
GWAS信号。我建议开发一系列计算技术,将TRs整合到精神病学和
其他GWAS 在目标1中,我们将开发算法来大规模地准确地对长TR多态性进行基因分型。
下一代测序队列。在Aim 2中,我们将生成一个高质量的参考单倍型面板,
使用传统的基于家族的定相方法结合从
新的单核苷酸分子测序技术。在目标3中,我们将深入描述以下方面的医学相关TR:
通过将TR插补到现有的大型GWAS队列中来评估精神疾病。最后,在目标4中,我们将开发一个新的
单倍型测试从现有GWAS数据集捕获全基因组TR关联。综上所述各项
这些创新将为研究TRs在人类疾病中的作用提供强有力的框架。
全基因组关联扫描(目标4)可以与目标1 - 3的靶向方法结合,
对TR进行基因分型或插补,针对其他变体类型进行精细定位,并进行功能随访。
高通量TR基因分型和插补技术将彻底改变我们发现
与疾病相关的TR,并且能够在包括GWAS在内的广泛应用中对TR进行前所未有的研究,
孟德尔遗传学和癌症。
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
Schizophrenia is a heritable psychiatric disease affecting approximately 1% of the population. The
disease is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is a leading cause of disability. Genomewide
association studies (GWAS) have identified >100 genetic loci associated with schizophrenia. However
standard GWAS are largely limited to detecting simple point mutations, or single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs), consisting of single base pair substitutions. Thus, GWAS is unable to capture complex variants such
as copy number variants (CNVs) and tandem repeats (TRs) that are not well tagged by SNPs.
Multiple lines of evidence support the hypothesis that TRs play a role in psychiatric disease. TRs are
one of the largest sources of genetic variation, are weakly tagged by SNPs, and play a significant role in
regulating gene expression and splicing. Intriguingly, >30 Mendelian disorders are caused by TR expansions.
Nearly all repeat disorders involve neurological phenotypes, many have psychiatric components, and some
implicated genes have also been identified in schizophrenia GWAS.
I hypothesize that tandem repeats play a significant role in schizophrenia risk and drive a subset of
GWAS signals. I propose to develop an array of computational techniques to integrate TRs into psychiatric and
other GWAS. In Aim 1 we will develop algorithms to accurately genotype long TR polymorphisms in large
nextgeneration sequencing cohorts. In Aim 2 we will generate a high quality reference haplotype panel for a
targeted set of TRs using traditional familybased phasing methods combined with long range phasing from
novel singlemolecule sequencing technologies. In Aim 3 we will deeply characterize medically relevant TRs in
psychiatric disease by imputing TRs into large existing GWAS cohorts. Finally, in Aim 4 we will develop a novel
haplotype test capturing genomewide TR associations from existing GWAS datasets. Taken together, these
innovations will provide a powerful framework for interrogating the role of TRs in human disease.
Genomewide scans for association (Aim 4) can be combined with targeted methods of Aims 13 for
genotyping or imputing TRs, fine mapping against other variant types, and performing functional follow up.
Technologies for high throughput TR genotyping and imputation will revolutionize our ability to discover
diseaseassociated TRs and enable unprecedented study of TRs in broad applications including GWAS,
Mendelian genetics, and cancer.
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会议论文
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海外基金