Rigorously Evaluating Approaches to Prevent Adult-Perpetrated Child Sex Abuse

摘要 学校员工犯下的CSA是一种普遍存在的未经治疗的公共卫生问题，影响了10%的 学前至12年级的学生。几乎没有开发出具体的干预措施来防止学校员工 CSA和NONE都经过了严格的评估，以减少儿童受害者的数量。这项拟议的研究是 对一项预防学校员工性侵行为的初级预防计划的评估， 不当行为和对学生的剥削，将创造和维护安全文化的责任 对于儿童和成人来说。制定了预防计划--Praesidium的Armatus®学习保护 基于对青少年服务组织中成人对儿童性虐待的根本原因的分析，并提供 承诺采取高影响力的预防干预措施。Armatus学习保护使用八管齐下的方法 安全方法，并教成年人什么政策必须到位，如何执行政策，小心雇用 以及对新员工进行筛查，解决并阻止性和身体上的越界， 承认越境是性虐待的大门，并监控违反边界的工作人员 要求和行为守则，以及适当的制裁，以反映这些行动的严重性。 Armatus的建议评价：学习保护--随机嵌套混合析因 设计将个人水平和学校水平的特征作为干预剂量内的嵌套因素， 受试者间分量和时间-采用三种保险的多阶段随机整群抽样 包括95个学区的池塘，其中包括407所小学、90所中学、129所高中 学校、69所混合年级学校和68所独立、特许、专门学校将确定治疗和 对照受试者。学校将被随机分配到治疗中(Armatus©学习保护过程和 培训：第二年)和延迟干预控制(第二年没有流程或培训；Armatus©学习 第三年保护)。在第一年，将评估每个样本学校/地区的安全准备情况，包括 当前的政策、培训、招聘/筛选做法和内部沟通系统。岗前措施 包括主要成果指标(警察人数、第九条和学校雇员保险索赔报告 对学生的性虐待、教职员工对边界行为的自我报告)和第二性倾向指标 危险行为(工作人员对师生界限的态度、旁观者的效能和意图 报告)。这项研究有可能提供证据，使Armatus Praesidium Armatus 保护首个预防成年犯CSA的循证方案的学生。 1

Abstract School employee perpetrated CSA is a pervasive and untreated public health problem that effects 10% of PreK-12 students. There are few specific interventions that have been developed to prevent school employee CSA and none have been rigorously evaluated for reducing the number of child victims. This proposed study is the evaluation of a program for the primary prevention of school employee perpetrated sexual abuse, misconduct, and exploitation of students that places the responsibility of creating and maintaining safe cultures for children on adults. The prevention program – Praesidium’s Armatus® Learn to Protect – was developed based upon root cause analysis of adult to child sexual abuse in youth serving organizations and offers the promise of a high impact prevention intervention. Praesidium Armatus© Learn to Protect uses an eight-pronged approach to safety and teaches adults what policies must be in place, how to enforce policies, careful hiring and screening of new employees, addressing and stopping sexual and physical boundary crossing, acknowledging boundary crossings as gateways to sexual abuse, and monitoring staff who violate boundary requirements and codes of conduct with appropriate sanctions that reflect the seriousness of these actions. The proposed evaluation of Praesidium Armatus© Learn to Protect – a randomized nested mixed factorial design with individual-level and school level characteristics as nested factors within intervention dosage, the between-subjects component, and time – employs multi-stage random cluster sampling from three insurance pools which include 95 school districts containing 407 elementary schools, 90 middle schools, 129 High Schools, 69 mixed grade schools, and 68 independent, charter, specialized schools will identify treatment and control participants. Schools will be randomly assigned to treatment (Armatus© Learn to Protect process and training: Year two) and delayed intervention control (no process or training in year two; Armatus© Learn to Protect in year 3). In year one, each sample school/district will be assessed for safety readiness to include current policies, training, hiring/screening practices, and internal communication systems. Pre-post measures include primary outcome indicators (number of police, Title IX, and insurance claim reports of school employee sexual abuse of students, staff self-report of boundary behaviors,) and secondary indicators of propensity for risky behaviors (staff attitudes toward boundaries between staff and students, bystander efficacy and intent to report). This study has the potential to provide evidence that could make Praesidium Armatus© Learn to Protect the first evidence-based program for prevention of adult perpetrated CSA of students. 1