Prenatal endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pandemic-related stress and social risk in mothers and infants

项目摘要 母婴互动为婴儿的社会/认知行为奠定了行为基础和轨迹 发展父母的社会行为很容易受到内分泌干扰化学品的影响，因为这些化学品 行为是由荷尔蒙启动和社会/父母大脑的组织形成的。子宫内双酚 A（BPA）暴露会破坏动物的母亲护理和后代的社会行为/神经行为发育 还有人类迄今为止，BPA对M-I相互作用的影响尚未得到研究，这是我们正在进行的研究的一个目标。 R01 ES 027424。虽然BPA已经从许多消费品中去除，但它已被取代， 结构类似物，双酚-s（BPS）和双酚-f（BPF），它们可能具有类似的有害作用。这 一项研究旨在将动物模型的发现转化为产前BPA、BPS、BPF（BP）增加是否 人体暴露预示着不太理想的M-I相互作用。了解BP对M-I相互作用的影响， 这对于揭示BP可能破坏神经发育的途径至关重要。我们招募女性 在妊娠期间，使用妊娠晚期的多个尿液样本评估产前BP暴露， 并通过逐秒的相互M-I影响的测量来评估M-I相互作用，提供了一个微妙的测量方法， BP的影响。2020年3月，COVID-19大流行袭击了纽约市，使新妈妈们面临高水平的 额外的压力：突然发作，全球性影响;高死亡率/恐惧程度;对 少数种族/族裔;社会孤立、失业、社交距离/戴口罩等困难加剧 产后心理健康困难（与流行病有关的压力）。压力加剧了化学物质的影响 暴露对儿童健康结果的影响，强调需要考虑这些额外的大流行病的影响， 可能导致流行病相关压力的相关压力源（与DSM-5急性压力一致的症状 疾病诊断）。在我们现有的R 01 ES 027424中，数据收集因大流行而停止， 恢复，提供了一个独特的机会和必要的研究是否与流行病有关的压力（ors）改变 双酚暴露与M-I相互作用之间的联系。这款对时间敏感的R21收集并分析 旨在确定（a）经历大流行的社会暴露是否会改变M-I 相互作用，和/或改变双酚对M-I相互作用的影响;和（B）在大流行暴露组中， 更高的COVID-19大流行相关压力（ors）是否会改变双酚暴露和/或改变M-I相互作用。 了解流行病相关压力（ors）如何影响M-I相互作用和/或加剧 环境暴露对M-I相互作用的影响对于（i）告知临床干预是必不可少的：应激是可改变的， 公共卫生干预的潜在目标;（ii）揭示一种发展途径， COVID-19大流行可能会扰乱儿童发育，以及（iii）为未来的医疗/公共卫生政策提供信息 流行病

Project Summary Mother-infant (M-I) interaction sets the behavioral foundation and trajectory for infant social/cognitive development. Parental social behaviors are vulnerable to endocrine-disrupting chemicals because these behaviors are shaped by hormonal priming and the organization of the social/parental brain. In utero bisphenol A (BPA) exposure disrupts maternal care and offspring social behavior/neurobehavioral development in animals and humans. To date, the effects of BPA on M-I interaction have not been examined, one aim of our ongoing R01 ES027424. Although BPA has been removed from many consumer products, it has been replaced by structural analogs, bisphenol-s (BPS) and bisphenol-f (BPF), which may have similar detrimental effects. This study aims to translate findings from animal models to ask whether increased prenatal BPA, BPS, BPF (BP) exposure in humans predicts less optimal M-I interaction. Understanding the effects of BP on M-I interaction is essential to revealing pathways through which BP may act to disrupt neurodevelopment. We recruit women during pregnancy, assess prenatal BP exposure using multiple urine samples from the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, and assess M-I interaction with measures of sec-by-sec reciprocal M-I influences, providing a nuanced measure of the effects of BP. The COVID-19 pandemic hit NYC in March 2020, exposing new mothers to high levels of additional stress: sudden onset, world-wide impact; high death rates/levels of fear; disproportionate impact on racial/ ethnic minorities; hardships e.g. social isolation, job loss, social distancing/wearing masks, exacerbated postpartum mental health difficulties (pandemic-related stressors). Stress exacerbates the effects of chemical exposures on child health outcomes, highlighting the need to consider the impact of these additional pandemic- related stressors which may lead to pandemic-related stress (symptoms consistent with DSM-5 acute stress disorder diagnosis). In our existing R01 ES027424, data collection was halted by the pandemic and has now resumed, providing a unique opportunity and an imperative to study whether pandemic-related stress(ors) alter the association between bisphenol exposure and M-I interaction. This time-sensitive R21 collects and analyzes information aimed to determine (a) whether the social exposure of living through the pandemic alters M-I interaction, and/or alters the effects of bisphenol on M-I interaction; and (b) within the pandemic-exposed group, whether higher COVID-19 pandemic-related stress(ors) alters bisphenol exposure, and/or alters M-I interaction. Understanding how pandemic-related stress(ors) may impact M-I interaction and/or exacerbate the effects of environmental exposures on M-I interaction is essential to (i) informing clinical intervention: stress is modifiable, a potential target of public health intervention; (ii) revealing one developmental pathway through which the COVID-19 pandemic may disrupt child development, and (iii) informing medical/ public health policies in future pandemics.