Developing and evaluating a decision support tool to disseminate tobacco control research and inform policy implementation

项目总结 青少年对电子尼古丁传递系统(END或电子烟)的使用迅速增加，可以 会导致尼古丁成瘾，并对大脑发育产生不利影响。相反，终端产品可以帮助成年人 戒烟，降低他们患癌症的风险。这造成了风险和收益之间的重大权衡，必须 在评估末端控制政策时，除了成本和政治等其他方面外，还会考虑 可行性。州公共卫生管理人员站在EDS控制政策努力的最前列。公共卫生 研究可以指导他们的决策，但研究证据往往是决策者或 没有简明扼要和有意义地综合。如果没有以可获得的方式传播证据的战略，它 对公共卫生的影响有限。现有的传播策略在很大程度上是未经考验的，也没有 考虑到政策决策的内在复杂性(例如，权衡)。这项提议的目标是 制定和评估潜在的传播战略：决策支持工具。这样的工具可以帮助管理 通过系统地提供有关符合以下条件的特定策略的相关属性的信息来实现决策复杂性 对管理员很重要(例如，策略的影响范围、潜在的危害和好处、实施成本)，以及 通过综合每个属性的证据来提高研究的可及性。在该奖项的K99阶段，Dr。 史密斯是哈佛大学陈学院的博士后研究员，他将量化关键属性的相对重要性 管理员在使用离散选择实验进行决策时考虑的策略。在R00中 在这一阶段，她将使用多准则决策原则为管理员构建决策支持工具 分析，同行评议的研究证据，以及K99阶段的量化结果。然后她将指挥 与管理员一起进行的一项试点研究，以评估决策支持工具改进研究的潜力 通过评估工具的可接受性、适当性和可行性进行传播，这是以下三个关键前提 成功。这项研究将为使用决策支持工具推进 循证决策。此外，这一奖项将使史密斯博士能够实现她的长期职业目标。 成为一名专注于癌症公共卫生政策的独立调查者 预防。史密斯博士在仿真建模和经济评估方面有扎实的基础；这一奖项将 在此基础上提供决策科学方法的高级培训，并发展她的专业知识 在烟草控制政策中。她的K99培训计划利用了她跨学科的独特优势 指导团队以及通过哈佛大学陈德熙学院提供的教育和专业资源 公共卫生部。总体而言，本提案中的研究和培训活动将为史密斯博士提供 作为一名独立科学家在决策的十字路口工作，开始她的职业生涯所需的经验 科学、政策执行和传播科学、癌症预防和控制政策。

PROJECT SUMMARY Adolescent use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, or e-cigarettes) has increased rapidly and can lead to nicotine addiction and adversely affect brain development. Conversely, ENDS products can help adults quit smoking, decreasing their cancer risk. This creates a major tradeoff in risks and benefits that must be considered when evaluating ENDS control policies, in addition to other aspects such as costs and political feasibility. State public health administrators are at the forefront of ENDS control policy efforts. Public health research could guide their decision making, but research evidence is often inaccessible to decision makers or not synthesized concisely and meaningfully. Without strategies to disseminate evidence in an accessible way it is of limited public health impact. Existing dissemination strategies have been largely untested and have not accounted for the inherent complexity of policy decisions (e.g., tradeoffs). The goal of this proposal is to develop and evaluate a potential dissemination strategy: a decision support tool. Such tools can help manage decision complexity by systematically presenting information on relevant attributes of specific policies that are important to administrators (e.g., reach of policy, potential harms and benefits, costs to implement), and improve research accessibility by synthesizing evidence for each attribute. In the K99 phase of the award, Dr. Smith, a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard Chan School, will quantify the relative importance of key attributes of policies that administrators consider in their decision making using a discrete choice experiment. In the R00 phase, she will build a decision support tool for administrators using principles of multi-criteria decision analysis, peer-reviewed research evidence, and quantitative results from the K99 phase. She will then conduct a pilot study with administrators to evaluate the potential for the decision support tool to improve research dissemination by assessing the tool’s acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility, three key preconditions for success. This research will provide much-needed evidence on the use of decision support tools to advance evidence-informed policymaking. Further, this award will enable Dr. Smith to achieve her long-term career goal of becoming an independent investigator focused on evidence-informed public health policies for cancer prevention. Dr. Smith has a strong foundation in simulation modeling and economic evaluation; this award will build on this foundation by providing advanced training in decision science methods and develop her expertise in tobacco control policy. Her K99 training plan draws on the unique strengths of her transdisciplinary mentorship team and educational and professional resources available through the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Overall, the research and training activities in this proposal will provide Dr. Smith with the experience necessary to launch her career as an independent scientist working at the intersection of decision science, policy implementation and dissemination science, and cancer prevention and control policies.