How Does Attention and Arousal Interact to Modulate Vision?

项目摘要/摘要 注意力和觉醒状态在影响我们处理信息的方式上发挥着关键作用，从一个时刻到另一个时刻 时刻。虽然注意力被认为与唤醒状态密切相关，但两者之间的相互作用 注意和觉醒在调节视觉加工中的独立特性仍然知之甚少。在……里面 在这项拟议的研究中，我将采用新的功能神经成像方法和计算 研究注意力和觉醒如何影响视觉的建模。具体地说，我将研究它的调节作用 注意力和唤醒能力是视觉的基石特性之一，对比度敏感度--检测 从背景中分离出来的物体。解开觉醒的独立与交互调节效应 和注意力的对比处理，我会把唤醒建立在注意力的计算模型中，以便获得 洞察觉醒和注意力在影响视觉方面进行的潜在典型计算，这 进而有可能形成广泛的下游过程，如记忆、决策、 和导航。通过揭示注意力和唤醒改变早期视力的程度和作用，结果是 这一建议可以加深我们对患有抑郁症患者的皮质和皮质下视觉功能的理解 异常唤醒水平(例如，注意力缺陷多动障碍、广泛性焦虑障碍)，并具有潜在的 在指导诊断和治疗涉及非典型觉醒的障碍方面的应用 级别。

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Attention and arousal states play critical roles in influencing how we process information, from moment to moment. While attention is believed to be strongly coupled with arousal states, the interaction between, and independent properties of, attention and arousal in modulating visual processing remains poorly understood. In this proposed research, I will employ a combination of novel functional neuroimaging methods and computational modeling to examine how attention and arousal influence vision. Specifically, I will examine the modulatory role of attention and arousal on one of the cornerstone properties of vision, contrast sensitivity—the ability to detect an object from its background. After disentangling the independent and interactive modulatory effects of arousal and attention on contrast processing, I will build arousal into computational models of attention in order to gain insight into the potential canonical computations carried out by arousal and attention in influencing vision, which in turn has the potential to shape a wide-range of downstream processes such as memory, decision-making, and navigation. By revealing the extent and role to which attention and arousal alters early vision, results from this proposal could further our understanding of the cortical and subcortical visual function of people with abnormal arousal levels (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, general anxiety disorder), and with potential applications down the road in guiding the diagnoses and treatment of disorders that involve atypical arousal levels.