Heat-Related Health Risk Assessment and Mitigation for Aging Populations in Public Housing: A Community-Individual Environment-Health Nexus

项目总结 尽管公共住房中的老年人面临着与高温相关的健康严重威胁，但目前的评估 缓解框架忽视了生理条件和基于地点的基础设施和社会 不平等。我们的长期目标是发展可量化的措施和剂量-反应关系 城市绿色基础设施(GI)密度和特征与老年人高温健康结局 成年人，它可以为支持老龄化的社区规划和复原力政策提供信息 以及未来的气候条件。我们的目标是：1)评估与高温相关的健康风险 公共住房社区；2)确定绿色基础设施对微气象的影响 条件和热应激；以及3)评估社区GI缓解与热相关的健康的程度 通过情感、认知和社交途径带来的风险。我们的中心假设是邻居GI 这些特征与居住在公共住房的老年人患高温相关疾病的风险降低有关。至 实现目标1，我们将利用人口脆弱性进行与高温有关的健康风险评估 框架，它集成了曝光、敏感性和适应能力。生物气象暴露将是 根据一种新的人体热应激模型进行评估，该模型解释了老年人的生理； 敏感性和适应性将使用社会和基础设施压力因素进行评估。为了达到目标2，我们将 利用遥感数据和街道图像开发地理信息特征的三维测量并 视频分类和识别与微气象相关的邻域间和邻域内GI属性 参数和老年人的热应激。为了达到目标3，我们将进行两波小组调查，包括 对休斯顿和芝加哥公共住房社区的老年人进行多阶段抽样。通过比较 在春潮中收集的基线测量与在夏季浪中的炎热条件下收集的那些，我们将 评估社区GI与高温相关的社会心理途径 健康/行为结果和主观幸福感。本申请中提出的研究具有创新性。 因为它开发了与热量相关的健康风险评估，将一种新的特定年龄的人体热量- 压力模型。它还将胃肠道感染作为一个可改变的风险因素，并采用社会生态学的观点来 阐明个人与附近绿色基础设施的互动可以在多大程度上 通过情绪、认知和社交途径产生中等程度的高温相关健康风险。拟议的研究是 意义重大，因为预计它将为热量评估和缓解提供强有力的科学依据 澄清社区一级社会环境之间的复杂交易的框架 基础设施和个人健康。最终，这样的知识有可能提供新的公共健康 以及环境规划政策，以增强社区的适应能力，促进气候公平。

PROJECT SUMMARY Although older adults in public housing face serious threats to their heat-related health, current assessment and mitigation frameworks neglect physiological conditions and place-based infrastructural and social inequalities. Our long-term goal is to develop quantifiable measures and dose-response relationships between the density and characteristics of urban green infrastructure (GI) and heat-related health outcomes for older adults, which can inform community planning and resilience policies that support aging in place during current and future climate conditions. Our objectives are to: 1) assess heat-related health risks for older adults in public housing neighborhoods; 2) determine the effects of green infrastructure on micrometeorological conditions and heat stress; and 3) evaluate the extent to which neighborhood GI mitigates heat-related health risks via emotional, cognitive, and social pathways. Our central hypothesis is that neighborhood GI characteristics are associated with a reduced risk of heat-related illness for older adults in public housing. To achieve Aim 1, we will perform heat-related health risk assessments using the population vulnerability framework, which integrates exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Biometeorological exposure will be evaluated based on a novel human heat stress model that accounts for the physiology of older adults; sensitivity and adaptivity will be assessed using social and infrastructural stressors. To achieve Aim 2, we will develop 3-dimensional measures of GI characteristics using remote sensing data and street-level imagery and video classifications and identify inter- and intra-neighborhood GI attributes that relate to micrometeorological parameters and heat stress in older adults. To achieve Aim 3, we will conduct a 2-wave panel survey with multi-stage sampling of older adults in public housing neighborhoods in Houston and Chicago. By comparing baseline measures collected in the spring wave with those during heat conditions in the summer wave, we will assess the sociopsychological pathways through which neighborhood GI is associated with heat-related health/behavioral outcomes and subjective well-being. The research proposed in this application is innovative because it develops heat-related health risk assessments that integrate a novel age-specific human heat- stress model. It also focuses on GI as a modifiable risk factor and adopts a socioecological perspective to elucidate the extent to which individuals’ interaction with their neighborhood’s green infrastructure can moderate heat-related health risks via emotional, cognitive, and social pathways. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to provide strong scientific justification for heat assessment and mitigation frameworks that clarifies the complex transactions between the community-level socioenvironmental infrastructure and an individual’s health. Ultimately, such knowledge has the potential to offer new public health and environmental planning policies that enhance community resilience and promote climate equity.