A personalized approach to skin cancer prevention among adolescents

项目摘要 青少年由于不善于使用阳光，迫切需要有效的皮肤癌预防干预措施 保护和可能性故意晒黑。学校提供了理想的环境，提供皮肤癌预防 对大量青少年进行干预。现有有效的学校皮肤癌预防干预措施 以幼儿（小学生）为目标，采用“一刀切”的方法， 保护或晒黑，但不是两者兼而有之。我们设计了一种新颖的个性化皮肤癌预防干预措施 在学校环境中提供的青少年教育，包括向家长提供的补充内容 还有老师这种多模式的干预建立在青少年对新奇事物的兴趣和对高科技的需求的基础上。 个性化的干预。在我们对11所学校的1,573名学生进行的干预部分的初步研究中， 在学校，我们观察到中等到大的影响，防晒行为和小到中等的影响， 晒黑和晒伤，增加青少年防晒和更好地控制故意晒黑， 干预前后的晒伤。我们提出了一个两组，集群随机试验，以测试的有效性， 我们在30所学校（总共10 250名学生）中制定了针对标准教育的干预措施。课内 将通过健康教育课程提供干预课程。试验的共同主要结局 将通过自我报告问卷评估青少年防晒使用和故意晒黑， 在干预后一年内的三个随访时间点进行干预。次要结局包括 客观评估紫外线照射和晒伤发生率。评估时间点为 季节性定时和环境UVR将作为协变量纳入。我们还将通过以下方式确定机制： 干预措施影响青少年防晒使用和故意晒黑。通过这个项目，我们 还将研究干预对防晒和晒黑结果的影响， 指导今后调整干预措施，以最大限度地提高对可能得不到充分服务的群体的效力。这个项目 满足了学校皮肤癌预防干预的迫切需要， 使用防晒霜，减少故意晒黑。该项目还将导致新的科学 了解干预结果的理论机制和调节因素， 干预效果，这将为今后调整干预措施提供信息，以更好地满足特定群体的需要， 分组。

PROJECT SUMMARY Adolescents urgently need efficacious skin cancer preventive interventions due to their poor use of sun protection and likelihood to tan intentionally. Schools offer the ideal setting for delivering skin cancer preventive interventions to large numbers of adolescents. Existing efficacious school skin cancer preventive interventions target young children (elementary school students), use a one-size-fits-all approach, and focus on either sun protection or tanning but not both. We designed a novel and personalized skin cancer preventive intervention for adolescents that is delivered in the school setting and includes complementary content delivered to parents and teachers. This multi-modal intervention builds on adolescents’ interest in novelty and need for highly personalized interventions. In our preliminary study of the intervention components with 1,573 students in 11 schools, we observed medium to large effects for sun protection behaviors and small to medium effects for tanning and sunburn, with increased adolescent sun protection and better control in intentional tanning and sunburn pre- to post-intervention. We propose a two-arm, cluster randomized trial to test the efficacy of the intervention we developed against standard education among 30 schools (10,250 students total). The in-class intervention sessions will be delivered through health education classes. The co-primary outcomes of the trial will be adolescent sun protection use and intentional tanning assessed via self-report questionnaire pre- intervention and at three follow-up timepoints through one year post-intervention. Secondary outcomes include objectively assessed ultraviolet radiation exposure and sunburn occurrence. Assessment timepoints will be seasonally timed and ambient UVR will be included as a covariate. We will also identify the mechanisms by which the intervention impacts adolescent sun protection use and intentional tanning. Through this project, we will also examine moderators of the intervention effects on sun protection and tanning outcomes in order to guide future tailoring of the intervention to maximize efficacy for potentially underserved groups. This project addresses the critical need for school-based skin cancer preventive interventions that both increase adolescent use of sun protection and decrease intentional tanning. The project will also lead to new scientific understanding of the theoretical mechanisms underlying intervention outcomes and moderators of the intervention effects, which will inform future tailoring of the intervention to better meet the needs of particular subgroups.