Archaea in African Americans with polyps

众所周知，非裔美国人(AAs)面临更高的结直肠癌风险和负担 癌症(CRC)，但哪些遗传途径或环境/社会决定因素会增加风险 结直肠癌的发病率并不为人所知。我们的总体工作假说是古生菌 与非西班牙裔白人(NHW)相比，AAS患者的肠腔不同，这一点 差异(古生菌的数量、类型和/或功能)对种族有影响 在儿童权利公约中观察到的差异。在这个假设下，这项研究将使用现有的样本集 AAS和NHW合并和不合并息肉。第一个目标将决定M.Smithii和其他 用定量聚合酶链式反应比较有无息肉的AAS与有无息肉的卫生工作者中的古生菌， 扩增子和元基因组测序。第二个目标是研究人类基因组的差异。 从有无息肉的AAS与有无NHW的AAS粪便标本中分离到的史密斯分枝杆菌 息肉。这将是第一次研究AAs肠道微生物群中的古生菌； 伴有和不伴有息肉和适当的NHW的腹主动脉中的古菌多样性和功能潜力 对照，以了解AA中CRC的差异。如果发现的差异类似于我们初步的 数据，在进一步研究后，可以考虑在有CRC风险的AAS中操纵古生菌 在更大的队列中。

It is well-known that African Americans (AAs) face a higher risk and burden of colorectal cancer (CRC), but which genetic pathways or environmental/social determinants add to the risk of colorectal cancer are not well-known. Our overall working hypothesis is that the archaea in the human gut lumen are different in AAs compared to Non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) and this difference (either in the numbers of archaea, types and/or function) contributes to the racial disparities observed in CRC. With this hypothesis, the study will use an existing sample set of AAs and NHWs with and without polyps. The first aim will determine M.Smithii and other archaea in AAs with and without polyps vs. NHWs with and without polyps using qPCR, amplicon and metagenomic sequencing. The second aim will examine genomic differences of M.smithii isolates from fecal samples of AAs with and without polyps vs NHWs with and without polyps. This will be the first study to examine archaea in the gut microbiome of AAs; and look at archaea diversity and functional potential in AAs with and without polyps and appropriate NHW controls, to understand CRC disparities in AAs. If differences are found similar to our preliminary data, manipulation of the archaea in AAs at risk for CRC can be considered, after further studies in larger cohorts.