Reducing the Risk and Economic burden of Recurrent stroke by improving medication adherence using a Novel SMART Pill CONTAINER, Cap, and Health Literacy Technologies

中风是全世界导致死亡和残疾的主要原因，在 中风见于黑人中年人。黑人有缺血症的发病率 中风比白人高2到3倍。此外，超过80%的中风幸存者将 有直接和持续性的上肢无力，导致一半的人患有 慢性残疾和无法完成简单和基本的手工灵活活动， 包括按规定服药(服药依从性)。最伟大的地区 中风幸存者一直需要帮助，从盒子、包装袋或瓶子里取出药物， 在管理处方、接收用药剂量警报方面需要剩余的支持 次数，吞咽药物，以及(D)记住是否服用了药物。当前 竞争对手有很大的设计障碍，限制了残疾人获得药物、 安全和健康的社会决定因素(SDOH)。准确的遵从性监控需要 确定发病率和死亡率是完全或部分遵守或 坚持用药。应在药瓶上安装多个传感器，以检测和 监测服药依从性以提高检测部分依从性的准确性，持续性 使用和确定卒中风险降低结果的相关性。佐野的小说《药房》 环境交互设备(EID)原型旨在通过以下方式消除健康差距 通过克服许多这些问题来预防中风幸存者的心血管并发症 药物依从性的障碍。佐野新颖的可申请专利的EID设计用于(A)中风幸存者的单手使用(残疾解决方案)；(B)双倍家庭给药警示和坚持 测量药丸重量和智能容器操作(药物)的监控系统 安全性/依从性)；(C)使用心血管分类系统 (D)可重复使用的、对文化有敏感认识的优先健康素养语言(健康素养) 与低成本心血管药物(社交)配合使用的智能容器和盖 健康的决定因素)。佐野的额外工程创新还将测试两种类型的 应变计传感器(使用水辅助合成的金属合金和石墨烯纳米片 液相剥落)，从而将商业称重传感器材料家族扩大到 包括应变计，作为一种基于价值的家庭处方标尺。未来的健康创新 干预措施必须以高危人群为目标，真正高危人群的相对数量 与目标群体的规模相适应，在预防和治疗方面具有成本效益，并在文化上 在目标人群中提高干预使用的敏感度。

Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide with the strongest disparity in strokes seen in Black middle-aged persons. Black persons have incidence rates of ischemic stroke that are 2- to 3-fold higher than Whites. Additionally, over 80% of stroke survivors will have immediate and persistent weakness of their upper limb, leaving half of the persons with a chronic disability and inability to complete simple and basic manual dexterity activities, including taking medications as prescribed (Medication adherence). The greatest areas where stroke survivors need help all of the time was in taking medicines out of a box, packet or bottle, with remaining support needed in managing prescriptions, receiving alerts of medication dosing times, swallowing medicines, and (d) remembering if a medication was taken. Current competitors have significant design barriers that limit access to disabled persons, medication safety, and Social Determinants of Health (SDOH). Accurate adherence monitoring requires determining whether morbidity and mortality are a result of full or partial compliance or persistent use of medication. Multiple sensors should be attached to the pill bottle to detect and monitor medication adherence to improve accuracy of detecting partial compliance, persistent use, and determining correlates of stroke-risk reduction outcomes. SANO’s novel Pharmacy Environmental Interactive Device (EID) prototype is designed to eliminate health disparities by preventing cardiovascular complications in stroke survivors by overcoming many of these barriers to medication adherence. SANO’s novel and patentable EID is designed for (a) singlehand use in stroke survivors (disability solution); (b) dual in-home dosing alert and adherence monitoring system by measuring pill weight and SMART Container manipulation (medication safety/adherence); (c) use of a cardiovascular taxonomy classification system designed for culturally sensitive and preferred health literacy language (health literacy); (d) a reusable SMART container and cap for use with low-cost cardiovascular medications (social determinants of health). SANO’s additional engineering innovation will also test two types of strain gauge sensors (metal alloy and graphene nanosheets synthesized using a water- assisted liquid phase exfoliation), thereby expanding the commercial load cell family of materials to include strain gauges as a value-based in-home prescription scale. Future health innovations and interventions must target the population at risk, the number of persons truly at risk relative to the size of the target group, be cost-effective in prevention and treatment, and be culturally sensitive to improve intervention use in the targeted population.