Exploring how bystanders' own intoxication influences their ability to intervene appropriately

摘要 目前的多样性补充扩大了父母赠款(R15AA028910)的目标。家长助学金 是一个为期3年的R15区域项目，旨在为有问题的酒精使用创造新的旁观者干预 测量(BIPAUM)，具体目的是1)开发测量并建立心理测量学特性 旁观者对PAU的干预，以及2)验证BIPAUM。为了实现具体目标一，20个焦点小组 在来自不同群体(即白人、黑人/非裔美国人、拉丁裔、 中东/阿拉伯、亚裔美国人、男性、女性、LGBTQIA+、联谊会成员、联谊会成员)至 找出大学生经历过的现实饮酒情景，并找出干预的机会。 学生反馈将为BIPAUM措施的项目开发提供信息，然后将在以下过程中进行 最终创建一个经过验证的问题酒精使用(PAU)旁观者行为的衡量标准。 在焦点小组指南中添加了补充问题，该指南扩展了以前未预见到的 这项研究。虽然家长资助金简短地询问了可能因PAU而出现的风险情况，但它没有 检查旁观者干预如何根据情况的不同而有所不同(即，导致性行为的事件 攻击[SA])父母的研究也没有检查导致潜在酒精相关或促成的事件 有风险的情况(例如，在SA中，涉及酒精的征求同意或胁迫策略)。最后，家长研究 不检查旁观者醉酒对注意、解释、承担责任或 在这些饮酒的情况下进行干预。这些额外的问题将有助于增进我们对现实的理解 不同大学生的饮酒情况和可能出现的潜在后果(例如，酒精- 促进性侵)，并告知我们对PAU的旁观者行为的衡量。此补充应用程序 对于确定导致问题饮酒的有害后果的事件以及如何 这将有助于编写关于旁观者干预和酒精促成的性侵犯的文献。 创造高度现实和知情的旁观者干预可能会更有效地导致有益的 旁观者的行为。这一补充应用程序通过提供以下内容促进健康相关研究的多样性 有针对性地指导和培训该领域的早期科学家，他们将能够发展他们的方法论 技能，获得领导建议活动的研究经验，并获得参与的机会 手稿的开发和研究成果的传播。最后，候选人终究要写一份F31奖助金 拟议的活动已完成，以继续努力开发和实施一个简短的旁观者 对酒精促进的性侵犯的干预。

Abstract The current diversity supplement extends the aims of the parent grant (R15AA028910). The parent grant is a 3-year R15 AREA project designed to create the novel Bystander Intervention for Problematic Alcohol Use Measure (BIPAUM), with specific aims to 1) develop the measure and establish the psychometric properties of bystander intervention for PAU, and 2) validate the BIPAUM. To address specific aim one, 20 focus groups have been conducted among diverse college students from various groups (i.e., White, Black/African American, Latinx, Middle Eastern/Arab, Asian American, men, women, LGBTQIA+, sorority members, fraternity members) to identify realistic drinking scenarios college students have experienced and identify opportunities for intervention. Student feedback will inform item development of the BIPAUM measure which will then go under the process of validation to ultimately create a validated measure of bystander behaviors for problematic alcohol use (PAU). Supplemental questions were added to the focus group guide that extends previously unforeseen components of this study. While the parent grant briefly asks about risky situations that may arise as a result of PAU, it does not examine how bystander intervention may look different depending on the situation (i.e., events leading to sexual assault [SA]). The parent study also does not examine events leading up to potential alcohol-related or facilitated risky situations (i.e., in SA, consent-seeking or coercive strategies involving alcohol). Lastly, the parent study does not examine the influence of bystander intoxication on ability to notice, interpret, assume responsibility, or intervene in these drinking situations. These additional questions will help enhance our understanding of realistic drinking situations among diverse college students and potential consequences that may arise (i.e., alcohol- facilitated sexual assault) and inform our measure of bystander behavior for PAU. This supplemental application is important in identifying events leading up to harmful consequences of problematic drinking and ways to intervene that will contribute to the literature on bystander intervention and alcohol-facilitated sexual assaults. Creating highly realistic and informed bystander interventions may more effectively lead to increases in helpful bystander behaviors. This supplemental application promotes diversity in health-related research by providing targeted mentorship and training to an early scientist in the field who will be able to develop their methodological skills, gain research experience leading the proposed activities, and gain opportunities to be involved in manuscript development and dissemination of findings. Lastly, the candidate will write an f31 grant after all proposed activities are completed to continue the efforts of developing and implementing a brief bystander intervention for alcohol-facilitated sexual assault.