State economic support policies on the prevention of child abuse and neglect during and post the COVID-19 pandemic: Bridging evidence with policy implementation

项目总结/摘要 儿童虐待和忽视（CAN）是一个紧迫而昂贵的公共卫生问题， 后果生活在经济上处于不利地位的家庭和社区的儿童面临着高风险， 正在经历CAN或接收CAN报告。虽然并非所有类型的CAN都是可以预防的，但理论和 实证研究表明，加强经济安全的政策可能是潜在的有效战略 通过提高生育能力和父母的健康来预防大部分CAN。的 2019冠状病毒病疫情（以下简称COVID）加剧了经济困难和父母压力， 与CAN相关的其他风险。为了解决物质困难和健康不平等问题， 制定或扩大创新性经济支持政策，在时间安排上采取各种办法， 政策的选择和实施。了解COVID相关政策变化如何影响CAN 对于在COVID恢复时代设计CAN预防战略和规划未来至关重要 灾害此外，从COVID（和其他类似灾害）中恢复的核心是动员 社区资源和社区成员的集体行动。虽然宏观目标 政策评估是为了改善以社区为基础的CAN预防实践，但很少努力 让地方社区参与确定和执行基于社区的政策。 利用全国性数据的自然实验设计，沿着基于社区的 参与式设计，本研究将1）研究如何改变国家为基础的经济支持政策 在COVID期间和之后，单独和相互协同，影响CAN报告和相关家庭 压力源; 2）调查各州的政策效果如何因县贫困率，种族/民族构成， 3）让家庭和服务提供者参与如何在农村和城市执行政策; 在地方一级，目的是在当地社区环境中确定有效的CAN预防战略。 为了实现拟议的项目目标，PI将接受一组跨学科的导师 专家，包括梅丽莎·琼森·里德博士，德里克·布朗和帕特里夏·科尔，充分利用了 在NIH资助的儿童虐待政策创新中心，研究和 培训（P50 HD 096719），并扩大与密苏里州社区利益相关者的现有伙伴关系。的 PI将接受以下培训：1）使用严格的因果推理方法进行政策评估; 2） 管理和分析大规模生态数据; 3）开展基于社区的参与式 研究; 4）开发NIH赠款和传播CAN预防的研究证据。K01 该奖项将使PI能够进行独立的，社区参与的和政策相关的研究 为各国选择和执行预防CAN的政策提供信息。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Child abuse and neglect (CAN) is a pressing and costly public health issue with negative lifelong consequences. Children living in economically disadvantaged families and communities are at high risk for experiencing CAN or receiving CAN reports. Though not all types of CAN are preventable, theories and empirical studies suggest policies strengthening economic security may be potentially effective strategies to prevent a significant portion of CAN by improving caregiving capacity and parental well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic (hereafter, COVID) has exacerbated economic hardship and parental stress, creating additional risks related to CAN. To address material hardship and health inequity, states with differing contexts developed or expanded innovative economic support policies, with various approaches in timing, policy selection, and implementation. Understanding how COVID-related policy changes impacted CAN is essential to inform the design of CAN prevention strategies in the COVID-recovery era and plan for future disasters. Further, central to recovery from COVID (and other similar disasters) is the mobilization of community resources and collective actions by community members. Although the goal of macro-level policy evaluation is to improve community-based CAN prevention practices, little effort has been made to engage local communities in the identification and implementation of community-based policies. Leveraging a natural experimental design with nationwide data, along with a community-based participatory design, this study will 1) examine how changes in state-based economic support policies during and post COVID, individually and in synergy with each other, impact CAN report and related family stressors; 2) investigate how states' policy effects vary by county poverty rate, racial/ethnic composition, and rural/urban status; 3) engage families and service providers in how policies are implemented at the local level with the aim to identify effective CAN prevention strategies in local community settings. To accomplish the proposed project goals, the PI will receive mentorship from a group of interdisciplinary experts, including Drs. Melissa Jonson-Reid, Derek Brown, and Patricia Kohl, take full advantage of the extensive resources at the NIH-funded Center for Innovation in Child Maltreatment Policy, Research and Training (P50HD096719), and extend existing partnerships with community stakeholders in Missouri. The PI will receive training in 1) performing policy evaluations with rigorous causal inference methodologies; 2) managing and analyzing large-scale ecological data; 3) conducting community-based participatory research; 4) developing NIH grants and disseminating research evidence for CAN prevention. This K01 award will enable the PI to conduct independent, community-engaged, and policy-relevant research informing states' selection and implementation of policies to prevent CAN.