NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

我们在这项研究中的目标是确定成熟的 语言能力在儿童个体发育中的制约因素及影响 在正常情况下调节母语习得的大脑系统 发展。我们的方法将是评估大脑组织的变化 作为按时间顺序排列的年龄的函数出现，并将其与 当年龄保持不变时，与特定语言能力相关的变化。 因此，我们将对比婴儿和婴儿的大脑功能特化 中间、上端和下端的孩子 语言理解和产出的正态分布。我们会 记录多个大脑的事件相关脑电位(ERPs) 一系列研究中大脑半球内和大脑半球之间的区域 旨在评估感官、语言和非语言的不同方面 认知加工。这一系列实验的具体目的 包括： 1.测定(A)成熟型的发育时间进程 语言加工的大脑专门化及其与语言加工的关系 实现具体的语言里程碑，(B)企业资源规划作为一种 早期词汇发展中的单词理解指数，(C)性质 语义相关信息的跨模式集成 发展中的词汇，(D)当发展中的词汇显示语义时 组织(即启动)以及该组织是否由 语言能力水平或实际年龄。 评估以下假设：(A)不同的神经系统调节语义 和语言的句法加工从小，(B)成熟 与语义方面相关的大脑组织模式 加工的年龄明显早于 语法处理，(C)不同的神经系统、中介语言和 所有年龄和发展水平的非语言认知加工， (D)脸部右半球的功能特化 认识先于左，并取决于左的发展 语言的半球专门化。(E)感官的分化 系统按照不同(更早)的时间进程发生 语言系统的专业化。

Our goals in this research are to determine the role of maturational constraints and the effects of language competence in the ontogeny of the brain systems that mediate primary language acquisition in normal development. Our approach will be to assess changes in brain organization that occur as a function of chronological age and to contrast these with changes linked to specific language abilities when age is held constant. Thus, we will contrast functional cerebral specializations in infants and children who are in the middle, and at the upper and lower ends of the normal distribution for language comprehension and production. We will record event-related brain potentials (ERPs) from over several brain regions within and between the cerebral hemispheres in a series of studies designed to assess different aspects of sensory, language and non-language cognitive processing. The specific aims of the series of experiments include: 1. To determine (a) the developmental time course of mature patterns of cerebral specializations for language processing and their relation to the attainment of specific language milestones, (b) the limits of ERPs as an index of word comprehension in early lexical development, (c) the nature of cross-modal integration of semantically related information as the lexicon develops, (d) when the developing lexicon displays a semantic organization (i.e. priming) and whether this organization is predicted by levels of language abilities or chronological age. To assess the hypotheses that (a) different neural systems mediate semantic and syntactic processing of language from an early age, (b) the mature pattern of cerebral organization associated with aspects of semantic processing is evident at an earlier age than is that characteristic of grammatical processing, (c) different neural systems, mediate language and non-language cognitive processing at all ages and, levels of development, (d) the functional specializations of the right hemisphere for face recognition are preceded by and depend upon the development of left hemisphere specialization for language. (e) the differentiation of sensory systems occurs along a different (earlier) time course than the specialization of language systems.