KLF4 Genetic and Epigenetic Changes in Human Pancreatic Cancer

描述（由申请人提供）：我们最近的研究表明，增加KLF4蛋白表达抑制人胰腺癌的生长，而敲低KLF4表达则相反。此外，我们已经确定了三个KLF4选择性剪接变异体和一个点突变的KLF4在人胰腺癌细胞。实验中，一种剪接变体KLF41的强制表达促进了肿瘤的生长。然而，KLF4表达和功能改变对胰腺癌发病机制的影响的潜在机制尚不清楚。我们推测KLF4的遗传和表观遗传变化影响其肿瘤抑制功能，并有助于胰腺癌的发病机制。为了验证我们的假设，我们提出了以下三个具体目标。具体目标1将检验遗传和表观遗传改变导致KLF4表达和功能改变并影响胰腺癌临床结局的假设。将确定KLF 4的遗传（突变和洛）和表观遗传（启动子高甲基化和可变剪接）变化及其在胰腺癌发病机制中的临床意义。具体目标2将检验异常KLF4表达和功能促进肿瘤生长和转移的假设。将使用体外和动物模型确定KLF4表达和功能改变对恶性表型的影响，重点是人胰腺癌细胞的血管生成表型。具体目标3将检验以下假设：KLF4表达和功能改变导致Sp1表达失调，Sp1和KLF4的表达和功能失衡导致主要受Sp1调节的促血管生成因子表达增加。将确定KLF4的表达和功能改变对人胰腺癌细胞中Sp1及其下游分子的表达和功能的影响。这三个具体目标得到了我们各自的初步数据的支持，并且可以使用我们独特的研究资源进行独立测试，但它们高度相关并相互支持。我们预测这些研究的完成将为胰腺癌发病机制的分子遗传学基础提供有见地的信息，并为确定分子靶点以设计有效的治疗策略提供有见地的信息。从长远来看，我们的研究也可能导致进一步研究介导KLF4表达和功能失调的分子机制。公共卫生相关性：KLF4是一种新发现的胃肠道肿瘤的假定肿瘤抑制因子。然而，KLF4信号转导在人类癌症发展和进展中的关键作用，特别是人类胰腺癌，尚不清楚。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our recent studies have shown that increased KLF4 protein expression suppressed the growth of human pancreatic cancer, whereas knockdown of KLF4 expression did the opposite. Moreover, we have identified three KLF4 alternative splice variants and a point-mutant KLF4 in human pancreatic cancer cells. Experimentally enforced expression of one of the splice variant, KLF41, promoted tumor growth. However, the underlying mechanisms for the impact of altered KLF4 expression and function on pancreatic cancer pathogenesis are unclear. We postulate that genetic and epigenetic changes of KLF4 impact its tumor suppressor function and contribute to pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. To test our hypothesis, we propose the following three specific aims. Specific Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that genetic and epigenetic alterations lead to altered KLF4 expression and function and affect pancreatic cancer clinical outcome. Genetic (mutation and LOH) and epigenetic (promoter hypermethylation and alternative splicing) changes of KLF4 and their clinical significance in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis will be determined. Specific aim 2 will test the hypothesis that aberrant KLF4 expression and function promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Impacts of altered KLF4 expression and function on the malignant phenotype with a focus on angiogenic phenotype of human pancreatic cancer cells will be determine using in vitro and animal models. Specific Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that altered KLF4 expression and function results in dysregulated Sp1 expression and the imbalanced expression and function of Sp1 and KLF4 leads to an increased expression of pro-angiogenic factors that are predominantly regulated by Sp1. Impacts of altered expression and function of KLF4 on the expression and function of Sp1 and its downstream molecules in human pancreatic cancer cells will be determined. These three specific aims are supported by our respective preliminary data and can be tested independently using our unique research resources, yet they are highly interrelated and support one another. We predict that completion of these studies will provide insightful information for the molecular genetic basis of pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and for identification of molecular targets to design effective therapeutic strategies. In the long term, our study also can lead to further investigation of the molecular mechanisms mediating disregulated KLF4 expression and function. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: KLF4 is a newly identified putative tumor suppressor in gastrointestinal cancers. However, the critical role of KLF4 signaling in human cancer development and progression in general and human pancreatic cancer in particular is unclear.