Allergy and Clinical Immunology Training Grant

描述(申请人提供)：此申请是为了继续支持过敏和临床免疫学的培训计划，该培训计划是为博士后医学和儿科实习生设计的。这里有一个双重培训的教职员工。首先，来自儿科、过敏和临床免疫学内科、风湿科、肺科、消化科、皮肤科、传染病和人类翻译免疫学的临床医生-研究人员。其次是导师，他们是基础科学家，主要来自耶鲁大学杰出的免疫生物学系教职员工。他们的专业知识几乎涵盖了变态反应、临床免疫学和现代免疫学的所有重要领域；包括：体液、细胞、分子、遗传、生化、抗原处理/呈递和信号研究。一些教员是莱姆病方面的专家，这种病是在耶鲁大学的教员在这个培训项目中发现的。我们继续对扁虱进行siRNA治疗，以了解其发病机制并开发疫苗。有严格的过敏和临床免疫学方面的培训，以及风湿科、皮肤科、胃肠科、肺科和耳鼻喉科的免疫学方面的培训。培训人员配备精良的主要仪器，包括：出色的流式细胞仪、寡核苷酸合成仪、蛋白质测序仪以及获得阵列和深度DNA测序(Illumina/Solexa)。这是一个小型的高质量培训计划，每年只招收一名新成员，大量教职员工强调至少需要3-5年的实验室研究，为学员在研究医学职位上做准备，这是我们的重点。教职员工有良好的培训记录和协作研究互动。这些研究员在临床活动中度过了他们的第一年。第二和第三年完全在免疫生物学教员指导下的研究项目中，同时参加各种免疫生物学和临床科学课程，参加每周的研讨会和杂志俱乐部，并定期就他们的研究和感兴趣的免疫学/过敏主题进行演讲。总而言之，该计划为未来学术医学和儿科职位的优秀候选人提供了独特的、非常高质量的培训，并在30多年的持续资助中在这方面取得了相当成功。 公共卫生相关性：这是对T32过敏和临床免疫学(A和I)培训补助金(AI-07174)的续签申请，期限超过30年，每年只支持一名研究员，为期三年。该项目有着出色的培训记录。请注意，最近有5名毕业生走上了学术岗位。除了全面覆盖核心过敏和免疫缺陷，该计划的特点是长期关注过敏的T细胞方面；效应性T细胞和调节性T细胞，以及目前的基础科学免疫生物学研究经验，这体现在当前研究员与理查德·弗拉维尔领导的我们最杰出的免疫生物学系的一名成员(Eric Meffre)一起进行研究。本研究对免疫缺陷患者的B细胞和特应性过敏患者的B细胞进行了分子分析。我们正处于招募新领导层的最后阶段(加州大学洛杉矶分校的塔拉尔·查蒂拉)；如果不能实现这一点，还有其他竞争对手。有了新的负责人，我们计划创建一个完全结合和融合的成人和儿科A和I科，此外，这个合并的科将辅助加入我们基础科学免疫生物学系的人类转化免疫学(HTI)部门。这将导致我们的研究员与研究人类免疫疾病(自身免疫、移植和癌症)的研究人员进行正式和非正式的互动，而我们加入的过敏和免疫学是一个核心要素。总之，这是一个非常成功的过敏和免疫学T32项目的续签申请，该项目在将毕业生安排在学术职位上的记录很高，并关注传统过敏以外的相关T细胞。此外，我们的重点是基础科学免疫学研究与我们杰出的免疫生物学系，以及新计划将儿童和成人过敏和免疫学合并为一个部门，也加入了我们新兴的人类翻译免疫学免疫生物学部门。综合起来，这些方面为我们的学员提供了一个特殊的项目；这可能导致他们在学术部门的安置比例非常高。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is for the continued support of a training program in Allergy and Clinical Immunology that is designed for postdoctoral medical and pediatric trainees. There is a double training faculty. Firstly, clinician-researchers from Pediatrics, the Department of Medicine in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonary, Gastroenterology, Dermatology, Infectious Diseases and Human Translational Immunology. Secondly, Mentors, who are basic scientists mainly from Yale's outstanding Department of Immunobiology faculty. Together, their expertise spans nearly all of the areas important to allergy, clinical immunology, and modern immunology; including: humoral, cellular, molecular, genetic, biochemical, antigen- processing/presenting, and signaling research. Some faculty are experts in Lyme disease, which was discovered at Yale by faculty in this training program. We continue with siRNA treatment of ticks to understand pathogenesis and develop vaccines. There is rigorous training in Allergy, and Clinical immunology, and some in Immunologic aspects of Rheumatology, Dermatology, Gastroenterology, Pulmonary, and ENT. The training faculty is well equipped with major instruments including: outstanding flow cytometry, oligonucleotide synthesizer, protein sequinator and access to array and deep cDNA sequencing (Illumina/Solexa). This is a small high quality training program, taking only one new fellow per year, with a large faculty emphasizing the need for at least of 3-5 years of laboratory research to prepare trainees for positions in research medicine, upon which we are focused. The faculty have a strong training record and collaborative research interactions. The fellows spend their first year in clinical activities. The second and third years entirely in a research project under an Immunobiology faculty mentor, while taking various immunobiology and clinical science courses, participating in weekly seminars and journal clubs, and regularly giving talks on their research, and immunologic/allergy subjects of interest. In summary, the program offers unique and very high quality training of outstanding candidates for future positions in academic medicine and pediatrics, and has been quite successful in this regard over more than 30 years of continuous funding. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This is a renewal application for a T32 Allergy and Clinical Immunology (A and I) Training Grant (AI-07174) of more than 30 years duration that supports only one fellow a year for three years. The program has an excellent training record. Note that 5 recent graduates have gone on to academic positions. Besides completely covering core allergy and immunodeficiency, the program is distinguished by a long focus on the T cell aspect of allergy; effector T cells and regulatory T cells, and a basic science Immunobiology research experience Currently, this is manifested by the current fellows doing their research with a member (Eric Meffre) of our most outstanding Immunobiology Department headed by Richard Flavell. This research is on molecular analysis of human B cells from immunodeficient patients and on the B cells of atopic allergic patients. We are in the final stages of recruiting new leadership (Talal Chatila of UCLA); There are other competing candidates if this should not come to fruition. With a new chief, we then plan to create a fully combined and fused adult and pediatric A and I section, and in addition this combined section will secondarily join our Human Translational Immunology (HTI) division of the basic science Immunobiology Department. This will result in formal and informal interactions of our fellows with researchers working on human immunologic diseases (autoimmunity, transplantation and cancer) with our joined Allergy and Immunology as a central element. In summary, This is a renewal application for a highly successful Allergy and Immunology T32 program with a high track record of placing graduates in academic positions, and a focus beyond conventional allergy, on relevant T cells. Further, focus is basic science immunology research with our outstanding Immunobiology Department, and newly planned fusion of Pediatric and Adult Allergy and Immunology into one section, also secondarily joining our emerging Human Translational Immunology division of Immunobiology. Together these aspects offer our trainees an exceptional program; that probably results in our very high incidence of their placement in academic departments.