Pharmaceutical opioids for chronic non-cancer pain: Evaluating health outcomes and economic impact over five years

慢性非癌性疼痛（CNCP）是导致残疾的主要原因。在缺乏其长期有效性数据的情况下，CNCP阿片类药物处方的增加引起了对依赖和过量的担忧。新的统计方法将测试1514名服用阿片类药物的CNCP患者5年内治疗、结果和成本之间的因果关系。我们将回答有关5年预后的关键问题，以及阿片类药物和其他临床干预措施是否会降低成本，以及对谁会降低成本。

Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a major contributor to disability. Increased opioid prescribing for CNCP has produced concern about dependence and overdose in the absence on data on its long-term effectiveness. Novel statistical methods will test causal relationships over 5 years between treatment, outcomes, and costs on 1,514 CNCP patients prescribed opioids. We will answer critical questions on 5-year outcomes, and whether, and for whom, opioids and other clinical interventions reduce costs.