The future of tobacco control: exploring the feasibility, acceptability and cost-effectiveness of new policy directions

我们将研究在澳大利亚减少吸烟的几种不同方法的实际可行性、伦理和公众接受度以及可能的成本效益。这些政策选择将包括：(1)对烟草产品实行更严格的政策(例如禁止吸烟和建立政府对烟草生产和供应的垄断)；(2)鼓励吸烟者从吸烟转向使用危害较小的尼古丁方式，如使用尼古丁贴片或口香糖；(3)利用新的生物技术提高吸烟者戒烟的机会(例如对吸烟者进行基因筛查，以选择帮助他们戒烟的最有效方法，并为前吸烟者接种尼古丁疫苗)；以及(4)可能防止不吸烟者开始吸烟的新生物技术(例如，为不吸烟者接种尼古丁疫苗)或降低他们患烟草相关疾病的机会(例如，对人群中预测尼古丁依赖和烟草相关疾病易感性增加的基因进行筛查)。该项目将提供重要信息，帮助政府制定政策，将澳大利亚人口的吸烟率降至当前水平以下。

We will examine the practical feasibility, ethical and public acceptability, and likely cost effectiveness of a number of different ways of reducing tobacco smoking and the harm caused by smoking in Australia. These policy options will include: (1) more restrictive policies towards tobacco products (such as prohibiting tobacco smoking and creating a government monopoly on the manufacture and supply of tobacco); (2) encouraging smokers to switch from smoking cigarettes to less harmful ways of using nicotine, such as using nicotine patches or gum ; (3) using new biotechnologies to improve smokers chances of quitting (e.g. genetic screening of smokers to select the most effective way of helping them to stop smoking and vaccinating ex-smokers against the effects of nicotine); and (4) new biotechnologies that may prevent nonsmokers from beginning to smoke (e.g. vaccinating nonsmokers against the effects of nicotine) or reduce the chances of their developing tobacco-related diseases (e.g. screening the population for genes that predict an increased susceptibility to nicotine dependence and tobacco-related diseases). The project will provide important information that will assist government in formulating policies to reduce the rate of cigarette smoking in the Australian population below current levels.