Bioeconomic linkages between efficient meat production and reproductive fitness in meat-type chickens

这个项目的重点是通过亲本生产、孵化、肉鸡生长和产肉量动态来优化商业纯种基因对肉鸡生产连续体的遗传和环境影响。所采用的方法是从繁殖适合性(产蛋量、鸡蛋质量、饲料效率)、孵化生理(剩余蛋黄利用率和雏鸡质量)、肉鸡生长速度、饲料效率、胸肌产量、肌肉生物学、屠体组成等方面对商业产品进行表征，并最终将鸟类的生物学与整个禽类中具有商业价值的性状联系起来，并进行进一步加工。商业育种公司通过我们用于确定选择标准的生理方法受益，该计划以密集的个体禽类特征为基础，通过为孵化鸡蛋、肉鸡和肉类加工行业提供决策支持，直接帮助加拿大肉鸡供应链。本研究的总体目标是将肉鸡白肉和黑肉的生产效率与母鸡的饲养效率联系起来。这项建议包括肉鸡育种者和肉鸡试验，在其对单个禽类的全面表征方面是独一无二的。肉鸡的质量、生长、营养效率和产量将与母体效率联系在一起。饲养员试验将更多地阐明“理想”的目标体重曲线，以及非常精细的营养管理对饲养员效率的贡献。对高效和低效亲本肉鸡的肌肉生物学、产量和生长效率进行表征，是对肉鸡选择标准的突破，对肉鸡附加值产业具有较大的有利影响。该研究小组开发的新的分析技术将被用来在个体母鸡水平上确定这些联系--这是迄今为止尚未达到的解决水平。

This program focuses on optimizing the genetic and environmental influences on the broiler chicken production continuum from commercial pureline genotypes, through parent stock production, incubation, broiler growth and meat yield dynamics.  The approach employed is to characterize commercial products in terms of reproductive fitness (egg production, egg quality, feed efficiency), incubation physiology (residual  yolk utilization and chick quality), broiler chicken growth rate, feed efficiency, breast muscle yield, muscle biology, carcass composition) and ultimately link the biology of the bird to commercially valuable traits in the whole bird, and further processed.  Commercial breeding companies benefit through our physiological approaches used to identify selection criteria, based on intensive individual bird characterization.   The program directly aids the Canadian broiler chicken supply chain by providing decision support to the hatching egg, broiler, and meat processing industries. The overall objective of this study is to link broiler white and dark meat production efficiency with parent stock efficiency. This proposal encompasses broiler breeder and broiler trials and is unique in its comprehensive characterization of individual birds. Broiler chick quality, growth, nutrient efficiency, and yield will be linked with maternal efficiency. The breeder trials will shed more light on "ideal" target body weight curves, and the contribution of very finely tuned nutrient management to breeder efficiency. Characterization of muscle biology, yield and growth efficiency of broilers from efficient and inefficient parents is a breakthrough in selection criteria with large beneficial impact on the value-added broiler industry. Novel analytical techniques developed by this research team will be deployed to identify these linkages at the individual hen level - a level of resolution not achieved to date.